Gallic Acid Polyester Resin for Biodegradable Toner

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current toner technologies have a negative environmental impact due to their non-biodegradable nature, derived from fossil fuels, and there is a need for biobased alternatives that reduce environmental burden and health risks.

Innovation Solution

Development of polyester resins using gallic acid and its derivatives, such as gallic diol and gallic tetraol, which serve as branching agents in toner particles for imaging devices, derived through reactions with glycerol carbonate, ethylene carbonate, and potassium carbonate, enabling the creation of biodegradable toner particles.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If traditional toner materials from fossil fuels are used, then toner performance and reliability are maintained, but environmental impact and health risks increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental impactVSAvoidtoner performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of toner materials by using gallic acid and its derivatives as polyols in polyester resin synthesis. This parameter change transforms the material from non-biodegradable fossil fuel-based to biodegradable bio-based, improving environmental compatibility while maintaining toner functionality through controlled molecular weight and composition

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates composite polyester resin materials combining gallic acid derivatives with conventional polyester components. This composite approach allows the biodegradable gallic acid-based polymer to integrate with existing toner formulation systems, achieving both environmental improvement and functional reliability through material composition

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Object-affected harmful factors

If biobased materials are used to replace fossil fuel polymers, then environmental burden is reduced, but material availability and manufacturing complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental burdenVSAvoidmaterial availability
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the molecular structure parameters of gallic acid derivatives through controlled esterification reactions, adjusting molecular weight and degree of polymerization to match conventional polyester specifications. This parameter optimization enables biobased materials to replace fossil fuel polymers in existing manufacturing processes without requiring complete process redesign

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses gallic acid and its derivatives as intermediary substances that bridge biobased chemistry and conventional polyester manufacturing. These intermediaries can be synthesized from renewable resources and integrated into existing polyester production workflows, facilitating the transition from fossil fuel-based to biobased materials through chemical mediation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The use of gallic acid-based polyester resins in toner particles provides a biodegradable and environmentally friendly solution for imaging devices, reducing the environmental impact and health risks associated with traditional toner materials.

Implementation Method 1

The disclosure also provides a method of derivatizing gallic acid comprising exposing gallic acid to glycerol carbonate, ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, and potassium carbonate and recovering the derivatized gallic acid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEsterification reaction: Chemical Bonding

Implementation Method 2

Gallic acid, found in oak species, such as, North American white oak and European red oak, is used as a polyol in esterifcation reactions to produce polyester polymer for use in toner

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEsterification reaction: Chemical Bonding

Data Source

PatentUS9122180B2Polyester resins comprising gallic acid and derivatives thereof
Publication Date: 2015.09.01 XEROX CORP

AI summary

The present disclosure provides a polyester toner resin comprising gallic acid for use in manufacturing an emulsion aggregation (EA) toner for imaging devices.