Galvanic Isolator Phantom Power via Shielded Twisted Pair
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-speed differential data transmission systems face challenges in providing galvanic isolation without the need for separate power supplies or external wiring in galvanically-isolated devices, which limits their widespread use.
Innovation Solution
A high-speed digital isolator using a shielded twisted pair cable to convey differential data signals and provide phantom power, eliminating the need for separate power supplies by using the cable's conductors and shield to establish galvanic isolation between transmitter and receiver circuits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If separate power supplies are used for galvanic isolation, then reliable power delivery is achieved, but device complexity and wiring requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines power delivery and data transmission functions into a single differential pair infrastructure. Power is delivered through the same twisted pair cables used for data communication, eliminating the need for separate power supplies and reducing system complexity while maintaining reliable power delivery to isolated devices
Solution Approach 2:
The differential pair serves multiple functions simultaneously: it transmits data signals and delivers power to the isolated device. This multi-functional approach eliminates dedicated power wiring, reducing device complexity and installation requirements while ensuring reliable operation
2Object-affected harmful factors
If differential signal transmission is used, then noise immunity is improved, but power delivery requirements become more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges power delivery with differential signal transmission by injecting power through the same twisted pair cables. This approach maintains the noise immunity benefits of differential signaling while simplifying power supply configuration, as no separate power infrastructure is needed
Solution Approach 2:
The differential pair acts as an intermediary that simultaneously carries both data signals and power. By using this existing communication infrastructure for dual purposes, the system achieves both noise immunity and simplified power delivery without requiring additional dedicated power lines
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables efficient high-speed data transmission with reduced noise immunity, lower power consumption, and increased design freedom by eliminating the need for additional power connections, while maintaining high common mode rejection and allowing for longer transmission distances.
Implementation Method 1
differential data transmission, in which the difference in voltage levels between two signal lines forms the transmitted signal
Implementation Method 2
provide phantom power to the transmitter circuit from the receiver circuit, via the first and second electrical conductors and the shield
Implementation Method 3
provide galvanic isolation between the transmitter circuit and the receiver circuit
Implementation Method 4
shielded twisted pair cable comprising first and second electrical conductors and an electrically conductive shield disposed thereover
Data Source
AI summary
Various types of high-speed digital galvanic isolators and corresponding integrated low voltage differential signal (“LVDS”) interfaces are disclosed herein. According to some embodiments, phantom power is provided to one side of a galvanic isolator from the other side of the isolator via a twisted pair cable with shielding interconnecting the two sides, and therefore eliminate the need to provide power to both sides of the galvanic isolator through different power supplies or by way of separate physical wiring being routed and connected to the two opposing sides of the isolator. Such phantom power supply configurations reduce cost, lower power consumption, and increase the number of engineering design options available in a device where high speed serial data communication with low noise are required.