Galvannealed Steel Sheet Composition for 1450MPa Strength and Weldability

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Solution Overview

Problem

The automotive industry faces challenges in developing high-strength galvannealed steel sheets with tensile strength above 1450MPa that are both safe and easily processable on conventional routes, while maintaining adequate weldability, as existing methods complicate the manufacturing process with controlled cooling and tempering steps.

Innovation Solution

A steel sheet composition with carbon content between 0.15% and 0.25%, manganese between 2.4% and 3.5%, silicon between 0.30% and 0.90%, chromium between 0.30% and 0.70%, molybdenum between 0.05% and 0.35%, and specific amounts of aluminum, titanium, and boron, along with a microstructure of 80-90% martensite and 10-20% ferrite/bainite, processed through intercritical soaking and hot dip coating, to achieve the desired strength and weldability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If high carbon content (0.25-0.70%) is used to achieve high tensile strength (>1470MPa), then tensile strength is improved, but weldability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetensile strengthVSAvoidweldability
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by limiting carbon to 0.15-0.35% (lower than conventional high-strength steels) while optimizing other alloying elements (Mn: 1.50-3.50%, Si: 0.10-0.90%, Cr: 0.10-0.70%, Mo: 0.05-0.35%) to achieve both high tensile strength and good weldability through a balanced compositional approach

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite microstructure consisting of martensite (80-90%) for strength and retained austenite (10-20%) for ductility and weldability, combining the benefits of different phases to simultaneously achieve high strength and manufacturability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Strength

If controlled cooling and tempering steps are added to achieve high tensile strength and specific microstructure, then tensile strength and microstructure control are improved, but manufacturing process complexity deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetensile strengthVSAvoidmanufacturing process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the alloying treatment and heat treatment steps by performing galvannealing (which inherently includes heating to 500-650°C for diffusion) followed by controlled cooling, combining multiple functions into an integrated process that achieves high strength without requiring separate tempering steps

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes phase transition during controlled cooling from the galvannealing temperature, where austenite transforms to martensite, naturally achieving the desired microstructure (80-90% martensite, 10-20% retained austenite) and high strength without additional tempering operations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

3Ease of manufacture

If carbon content is limited to 0.15-0.25% to improve weldability, then weldability is improved, but tensile strength deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveweldabilityVSAvoidtensile strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite microstructure with 80-90% martensite for strength and 10-20% retained austenite for ductility, achieving high tensile strength (≥1450MPa) through microstructural design rather than relying solely on high carbon content

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes multiple compositional parameters simultaneously (Mn: 1.50-3.50%, Si: 0.10-0.90%, Cr: 0.10-0.70%, Mo: 0.05-0.35%) to compensate for lower carbon content and achieve both improved weldability and high tensile strength through synergistic alloying effects

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The proposed solution achieves a tensile strength of at least 1450MPa and yield strength of 1050MPa or higher, ensuring successful galvannealing and improved weldability, while simplifying the manufacturing process by maintaining conventional processing routes.

Implementation Method 1

the iron of the steel sheet diffuses towards the zinc coating in order to obtain a zinc-iron alloy on the steel sheet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffusion: Diffusion

Implementation Method 2

heated to a soaking temperature T soak comprised from Ac1 and Ac3 and maintained at said temperature T soak for a holding time t soak so to obtain, at the end of this intercritical soaking, a microstructure comprising between 85% and 95% of austenite and between 5% and 15% of ferrite

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase transformation: Phase Change

Implementation Method 3

The cold rolled steel sheet is then cooled to room temperature to obtain a cold rolled and galvannealed steel sheet having a microstructure consisting of 80-90% of martensite

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMartensitic transformation: Phase Change

Data Source

PatentEP4114994B1High strength cold rolled and galvannealed steel sheet and manufacturing process thereof
Publication Date: 2024.03.27 ARCELORMITTAL SA

AI summary

The invention deals with a cold rolled and galvannealed steel sheet having a composition comprising, by weight percent: C 0.15-0.25%, Mn 2.4-3.5%, Si 0.30-0.90%, Cr 0.30-0.70%, Mo 0.05-0.35%, Al 0.001-0.09%, Ti 0.01-0.06, B 0.0010-0.0040%, Nb 0.01 -0.05%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.010% and N≤0.008%, the remainder of the composition being iron and unavoidable impurities resulting from the smelting, and having a microstructure consisting of, in surface fraction, between 80% and 90% of martensite, the balance being ferrite and bainite.