GaN Auxiliary Gate Structure for High Threshold Voltage

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

GaN power devices face challenges in achieving a high threshold voltage, reducing gate leakage current, and expanding the gate voltage operation window while minimizing turn-on retriggering and oscillations during high dV/dt conditions, which affects their switching performance and reliability.

Innovation Solution

The integration of an auxiliary gate terminal and a pull-down network in GaN power devices, including a high-voltage active GaN device and a low-voltage auxiliary GaN device, where the high-voltage device's gate is connected to the source of the auxiliary transistor, and the auxiliary transistor's gate is connected to the drain, forming a pull-down circuit to control the gate voltage and current levels, thereby increasing the threshold voltage and reducing gate leakage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a pGaN gate structure is used to achieve normally-off operation, then the device can be turned off reliably, but the threshold voltage becomes low (1.5-2V) causing unwanted turn-on during operation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenormally-off operation reliabilityVSAvoidunwanted device turn-on
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The gate control is segmented into two independent gates: an internal gate connected to the 2DEG channel for primary control, and an auxiliary gate connected to the pGaN layer for threshold adjustment. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each gate's function to achieve both reliable normally-off operation and high threshold voltage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The auxiliary gate acts as an intermediary between the control circuit and the internal gate. By applying a voltage to the auxiliary gate, it modulates the threshold voltage of the internal gate, thereby preventing unwanted turn-on without directly controlling the channel current.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If the gate voltage operation window is expanded to prevent unwanted turn-on, then device reliability improves, but the gate leakage current increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice operation stabilityVSAvoidgate leakage current
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Different regions of the gate structure have different doping qualities: the internal gate region has high doping to maintain low resistance and low leakage, while the auxiliary gate region has optimized doping to provide threshold control with minimal leakage. This local quality differentiation allows the device to operate with high stability without excessive gate leakage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Reliability

If a high threshold voltage is implemented to prevent unwanted turn-on, then device reliability improves, but the on-state resistance increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethreshold voltage stabilityVSAvoidon-state resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The threshold voltage is made dynamic through the auxiliary gate rather than being fixed by static doping. By dynamically adjusting the auxiliary gate voltage, the threshold can be raised to prevent unwanted turn-on during operation, while the internal gate maintains optimal doping for low on-state resistance when fully turned on.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Productivity

If fast switching capability is implemented to improve power density, then productivity improves, but oscillations occur during switching transitions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching speedVSAvoidswitching oscillations
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The auxiliary gate provides a feedback mechanism to suppress oscillations. During switching transitions, the auxiliary gate voltage can be adjusted to counteract oscillatory behavior in the internal gate, thereby maintaining fast switching speed while eliminating harmful oscillations through active feedback control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration results in a GaN transistor with a high threshold voltage, reduced gate leakage, and an expanded gate voltage operation range, preventing turn-on retriggering and oscillations, thereby enhancing switching performance and reliability for applications in low to medium voltage ranges, including power conversion and motor drives.

Implementation Method 1

an active heterojunction transistor comprising: a first III-nitride semiconductor region comprising a first heterojunction comprising an active two dimensional carrier gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeterostructure:

Implementation Method 2

a first heterojunction comprising an active two dimensional carrier gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTwo dimensional carrier gas:

Data Source

PatentEP4220701A1Power semiconductor device with auxiliary gate structure and circuit
Publication Date: 2023.08.02 CAMBRIDGE GAN DEVICES LIMITED
  • EP4220701A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4220701A1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4220701A1 patent drawingFigure 4(a)~4(c)

AI summary

The disclosure relates to power semiconductor devices in GaN technology. The disclosure proposes an integrated auxiliary (double) gate terminal and a pulldown network to achieve a normally-off (E-Mode) GaN transistor with threshold voltage higher than 2V, low gate leakage current and enhanced switching performance. The high threshold voltage GaN transistor has a high-voltage active GaN device (500) and a low-voltage auxiliary GaN device (510) wherein the high-voltage GaN device has the gate connected to the source of the integrated auxiliary low-voltage GaN transistor and the drain being the external high-voltage drain terminal and the source being the external source terminal, while the low-voltage auxiliary GaN transistor has the gate (first auxiliary electrode) connected to the drain (second auxiliary electrode) functioning as an external gate terminal. A pull-down network for the switching-off of the high threshold voltage GaN transistor is formed by additional auxiliary low-voltage GaN transistors and resistive elements connected in parallel or in series with the low-voltage auxiliary GaN transistor.