Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Fractionation for Fatty Liver Treatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Fatty liver disease poses a significant public health threat due to its high prevalence and the difficulties in preventing and treating it effectively without causing lifestyle changes or adverse health effects.
Innovation Solution
Administration of polysaccharides extracted from Ganoderma lucidum with a molecular weight above 135 kDa, containing mannose, glucose, galactose, and other sugars, which are prepared by extracting G. lucidum mycelium with water, inducing precipitation with alcohol, and fractionating using tangential flow filtration to reduce liver weight and lipid levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If polysaccharides with molecular weight above 135 kDa are used to treat fatty liver disease, then therapeutic effectiveness is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases due to fractionation requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by fractionating the crude polysaccharide extract into different molecular weight ranges using tangential flow filtration with membranes of specific pore sizes (100 kDa, 300 kDa). This separates the polysaccharides into distinct fractions, with the therapeutically effective fraction being those with molecular weight above 135 kDa. The segmentation allows for precise control of molecular weight while maintaining therapeutic effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by controlling the molecular weight parameter of the polysaccharides through selective fractionation. By adjusting the membrane pore size and filtration conditions, the patent isolates polysaccharides within a specific molecular weight range (above 135 kDa), which correlates with therapeutic effectiveness. This parameter control resolves the contradiction by ensuring only the effective molecular weight range is used.
2Ease of manufacture
If traditional extraction methods are used, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but polysaccharide purity and molecular weight control are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by first performing a simple water extraction to obtain crude polysaccharide extract, then subsequently applying tangential flow filtration to fractionate and purify the extract. The preliminary extraction step maintains simplicity, while the subsequent fractionation step ensures high purity and molecular weight control. This two-stage approach resolves the contradiction between ease of manufacture and manufacturing precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses tangential flow filtration as an intermediary technique between simple extraction and final product formulation. The filtration system with controlled pore sizes acts as a mediator that separates and purifies the polysaccharide fraction without requiring complex chemical processing, thus maintaining ease of manufacture while achieving high purity and molecular weight control.
3Reliability
If high molecular weight polysaccharides (>135 kDa) are isolated through fractionation, then therapeutic activity is enhanced, but processing time and equipment complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex chemical purification methods with a mechanical separation system (tangential flow filtration). The mechanical filtration process using membranes with specific pore sizes efficiently isolates high molecular weight polysaccharides (>135 kDa) without requiring complex chemical reagents or multiple processing steps. This mechanical approach enhances therapeutic activity while minimizing equipment complexity and processing time.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a method to prepare polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum. The prepared polysaccharides can reduce liver weight and liver lipid content in humans and animals. The prepared polysaccharides can therefore be used to prevent and treat fatty liver disease.