Gap Filter Sorting for Dataset Summary Metadata

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing sorting techniques and summary information methods are computationally expensive and require large amounts of storage, leading to inefficiencies in determining whether a particular value is present in a dataset.

Innovation Solution

The use of a gap filter, which represents a sorted set of unique values with gaps, allowing for efficient determination of value presence through a compressed representation that balances compressibility and false positive results.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional sorting techniques are used to create summary information, then the accuracy of determining value presence is improved, but the computational cost and time consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of determining value presenceVSAvoidtime consumption for sorting
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-sorting the dataset once to create summary information (min, max, and gap filter) before queries are executed. This preliminary sorting enables rapid query evaluation without requiring repeated sorting operations, thus resolving the contradiction between accurate value presence determination and time consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts only the essential sorting results needed for query evaluation - specifically the minimum value, maximum value, and gap information - rather than maintaining fully sorted data. This extraction approach provides sufficient accuracy for determining value presence while significantly reducing the computational burden compared to complete sorting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Measurement precision

If detailed summary information is created to reduce false positives, then the precision of value presence determination is improved, but the storage requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprecision of value presence determinationVSAvoidstorage requirements for summary information
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by creating a gap filter that focuses storage resources on capturing only the critical gap information between consecutive sorted values, rather than storing all individual data points. This localized approach to storing difference information achieves high precision in value presence determination while minimizing storage requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transforms the storage representation from storing all individual data values to storing derived parameters (gaps between consecutive values). This parameter transformation reduces the quantity of stored information while maintaining or improving the precision of value presence determination, as the gap structure efficiently encodes the distribution characteristics of the data.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If comprehensive summary information is maintained for all datasets, then the ability to answer queries efficiently is improved, but the overhead for creating and maintaining summary information increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvequery evaluation efficiencyVSAvoidcomputational overhead for maintaining summary information
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs cheap short-living objects by using lightweight gap filter structures that require minimal computational resources to create and maintain. These simplified summary information structures can be quickly generated and updated, making them suitable for datasets where full sorting would be prohibitively expensive, thus improving query evaluation efficiency without excessive overhead.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Data Source

PatentEP4535186A1Efficient sorting techniques facilitating the creation and use of dataset summary metadata
Publication Date: 2025.04.09 SAP SE
  • EP4535186A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4535186A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4535186A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure provides techniques and solutions for sorting data. In a particular implementation, a sorting technique is provided that places values in a sorted order by adding an offset value to values that are not in a sorted order. The resulting sorted set of values is not truly sorted, in that the set of modified values is sorted, but the underlying data itself is not sorted. In another implementation, a sorting technique can use multiple streams or sets. When an out of order element is encountered, it can be added to a new stream, if such a stream is available. The sorting techniques can be used for a variety of purposes, including provided sorted data for use in generating summary data, or for providing sorted data to be used in determining an intersection between two datasets.