Gapless Detector Mosaic Imaging via Field Segmentation Optics
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing imaging systems using multiple detector arrays suffer from gaps between adjacent arrays, leading to loss of image information in areas between them.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating field segmentation optics between the imaging optics and the focal plane to form overlapping component images, which are then registered and fused to create a composite image without information loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple detector arrays are placed at the focal plane to increase pixel count, then the total number of pixels and image resolution are improved, but gaps between adjacent detector arrays cause loss of image information in boundary areas
Solution Approach 1:
The field of view is segmented into multiple overlapping sub-areas, with each detector array capturing one sub-area. The field segmentation optics divide the incoming light field into separate components that are directed to different detectors, enabling the system to achieve high resolution through multiple smaller arrays while managing the gap problem through intentional overlap in the segmented fields.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a new dimension to the problem by creating overlapping coverage in the field space rather than attempting to physically eliminate gaps between detectors. By segmenting the field of view and creating overlapping sub-areas, the system transitions from a single-plane detector arrangement to a multi-dimensional field coverage approach where overlap compensates for physical gaps.
2Loss of information
If detector arrays are placed closer together to reduce gaps, then image information coverage is improved, but space for readout circuitry, electrical interfaces, and mechanical support is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the total field of view into multiple sub-areas, each assigned to a separate detector array. This segmentation allows detector arrays to be positioned with practical spacing for circuitry and support structures, while the overlapping segmentation of the field ensures complete coverage without requiring physically adjacent detectors.
Solution Approach 2:
The field segmentation optics act as an intermediary that decouples the physical spacing requirements of detector arrays from the optical coverage requirements. By introducing these optics between the scene and detectors, the system can maintain adequate spacing for packaging while still achieving continuous field coverage through the overlapping optical paths.
3Loss of information
If a single large detector array is used to avoid gaps, then image information coverage is improved, but the physical size and cost become prohibitive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the function of a single large detector into multiple smaller detector arrays, each capturing a segmented portion of the field of view. This segmentation allows the use of smaller, more affordable detectors while achieving equivalent or superior total pixel count and coverage through the combined arrays with overlapping fields.
Solution Approach 2:
Multiple smaller detector arrays are merged through the field segmentation optics to achieve the functional equivalent of a single large detector. The overlapping sub-areas captured by each detector are combined to produce a complete image with no information loss, effectively merging the capabilities of multiple small detectors to match or exceed a single large detector's performance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables the collection of image information from multiple detector arrays without gaps, maintaining image quality and resolution across the entire field of view by overlapping component images.
Implementation Method 1
field segmentation optics, located between the imaging optics and the focal plane of the imaging optics, to divide light collected by the imaging optics into multiple overlapping component images
Data Source
AI summary
Imaging systems and methods that enable multiple detectors to be used to capture multiple component images that can be fused to create a composite image of a scene, without introducing gaps in that composite image in areas corresponding to the boundaries of the detectors, are provided. The system includes imaging optics, such as a telescope, that at least in part define an optical path extending between an exit pupil and a focal plane. Field segmentation optics are located within the optical path, to create multiple, partially overlapping component images. At least one detector is provided to produce an image signal representing each of the component images. A composite image is then formed by registering and fusing the component images.