Garbled Circuit Authentication Using Invariant Variant Splitting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current biometric authentication methods using garbled circuits are inefficient and costly due to the need for multiple comparisons and the inability to reuse circuits, leading to increased computing time and compromised data confidentiality.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing invariant and variant garbled circuits to compare biometric data, where a single invariant garbled circuit is generated for common input bits and multiple variant circuits for differing bits, allowing for efficient authentication by leveraging redundancy in test data while maintaining data confidentiality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple garbled circuits are used to compare multiple test data with reference datum, then authentication accuracy is improved, but computing time and computational cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the comparison function into two separate sub-functions: a first sub-function that computes a preliminary comparison result, and a second sub-function that performs final verification only when needed. This segmentation allows the system to quickly eliminate non-matching test data without performing complete garbled circuit evaluations, thereby reducing overall computing time while maintaining authentication accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a two-stage verification process where a partial comparison is performed first using a simplified function, and only if this partial check passes does the system proceed to the complete verification. This partial action approach reduces the average computing time by avoiding full garbled circuit evaluations for all test data, while still ensuring reliable authentication when matches are found.
2Productivity
If garbled circuits are reused for comparing multiple test data, then computing efficiency is improved, but data confidentiality is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary processing of test data before the actual authentication comparison, including preprocessing steps that prepare the data in a standardized format. This preliminary action allows subsequent comparisons to be performed more efficiently while maintaining security, as the preprocessing is done in a controlled manner that preserves confidentiality requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates multiple copies of the garbled circuit structure, each initialized with the same secure parameters and configuration. These copied circuits can be executed in parallel for multiple test data comparisons, improving computing efficiency while maintaining data confidentiality because each copy operates independently with the same security guarantees as the original circuit.
3Reliability
If conventional garbled circuits are used for each video frame comparison, then data security is maintained, but computational resource consumption becomes excessive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the authentication process into multiple phases with different security requirements. The first sub-function performs a less security-critical preliminary check that can be executed with reduced computational resources, while the second sub-function performs the final security-critical verification. This segmentation reduces overall computational resource consumption while maintaining data security for the critical authentication decision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs only the necessary portion of the comparison function in most cases. The first sub-function provides a partial verification that suffices for rejecting non-matching data, avoiding the need to execute the complete, resource-intensive garbled circuit evaluation for every test frame. Full security is maintained for accepting matches, while resource consumption is reduced for the majority of rejected cases.
Data Source
AI summary
the invention proposes a method and an associated system for authenticating a user, by means of the redundancy present between several images of a video, the method using garbled circuits, named variant garbled circuits, associated with the alternative bits between the images of the video and a garbled circuit named invariant garbled circuit, associated with the invariant bits between the images of the video, so that the invariant garbled circuit only needs to be evaluated a single time.