Gas Generating Composition with MC/NQ Fuel Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing gas generating compositions for inflators in safety apparatuses face challenges in achieving a balance between low combustion temperature, high heat resistance, and good ignition ability, with previous solutions either compromising on ignition ability or not adequately addressing heat resistance across varying environmental conditions.
Innovation Solution
A gas generating composition comprising melamine cyanurate and nitroguanidine as fuel, combined with basic metal nitrates and carbonates, and specific binders such as starch and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, which maintains a melamine cyanurate to nitroguanidine ratio of 0.3 to 1.5, enhancing ignition ability while reducing combustion temperature and improving heat resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If the combustion temperature of the gas generating agent is decreased, then the heat load on the coolant is reduced and the amount of coolant can be decreased, but the ignition ability is degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameters of the gas generating agent by incorporating specific ratios of fuel components (melamine cyanurate, nitroguanidine, and nitrogen-containing organic compound) and oxidizing agent (basic metal nitrate). This compositional parameter adjustment enables the system to achieve both low combustion temperature and good ignition ability simultaneously, resolving the trade-off between these two parameters.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a composite fuel system consisting of multiple components (melamine cyanurate, nitroguanidine, and nitrogen-containing organic compound) combined with basic metal nitrate oxidizing agent. This composite material approach allows the system to exhibit both low combustion temperature characteristics and good ignition ability, overcoming the limitation of single-component systems.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the combustion temperature is decreased too much, then the heat load is reduced, but the ignition ability is degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The invention optimizes the compositional parameters including the ratio of fuel to oxidizing agent and the specific ratios of fuel components. By adjusting these parameters, the system achieves a combustion temperature that is sufficiently low to reduce heat load on the coolant while maintaining ignition ability above acceptable thresholds.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention references and builds upon existing gas generating composition formulations (as seen in prior art disclosures) but modifies the specific component ratios and adds the nitrogen-containing organic compound to achieve improved performance in both heat load reduction and ignition ability.
3Quantity of substance
If a gas generating agent is designed for low combustion temperature, then coolant requirements are reduced, but ignition reliability may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameters to achieve a balance where the combustion temperature is low enough to reduce coolant quantity requirements while the ignition characteristics remain reliable. This is accomplished through specific ratios of fuel components and oxidizing agent.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates different functional zones within the gas generating composition by using multiple fuel components with different combustion characteristics. The mixture of melamine cyanurate, nitroguanidine, and nitrogen-containing organic compound provides localized variations in combustion properties that collectively achieve both low temperature operation and reliable ignition.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves a balance of low combustion temperature, high heat resistance, and excellent ignition ability, ensuring reliable performance across different environmental conditions, as demonstrated by the examples provided.
Implementation Method 1
a gas generating composition containing: (a) a fuel; (b) an oxidizing agent containing a basic metal nitrate
Implementation Method 2
a basic metal carbonate; and (d) a binder, the fuel of the component (a) containing melamine cyanurate (MC) and nitroguanidine (NQ)
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a gas generating composition with a low combustion temperature, good ignition ability, and a high heat resistance. The gas generating composition includes: (a) a fuel; (b) an oxidizing agent including a basic metal nitrate; (c) a basic metal carbonate; and (d) a binder. The fuel of the component (a) includes melamine cyanurate (MC) and nitroguanidine (NQ), with a ratio (MC/NQ) of contents of MC and NQ being within a range of 0.3 to 1.5. The binder of the component (d) is one or two or more selected from: (d-1) starch, etherified starch, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and hydroxyethyl cellulose; (d-2) poly(vinyl alcohol), polyvinyl ether, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and polyacrylamide; (d-3) guar gum, etherified guar gum, and tamarind gum.