Gas Explosion Seismic Source for Full-Wave Field Acquisition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current seismic exploration methods are inefficient as they require separate devices to excite P-wave and S-wave source signals, leading to low production efficiency and challenges in data processing due to inconsistent coupling conditions with the ground.
Innovation Solution
A device and method for a full-wave field seismic source based on gas explosion technology, utilizing a coaxial arrangement of explosion-proof metal barrels with high-strength steel plates and gas explosion chambers, which can simultaneously generate longitudinal and shear waves by rotating the inner barrel relative to the outer barrel, allowing for sequential recording of orthogonal wave data.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If separate source devices are used to excite P-wave and S-wave source signals, then wave type excitation is achieved, but production efficiency deteriorates due to device replacement requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple wave type excitation capabilities into a single seismic source device. The device integrates P-wave excitation (through vertical impact of the bottom plate) and S-wave excitation (through horizontal impact via the offset weight) functions, eliminating the need to replace devices between different wave type measurements.
Solution Approach 2:
The seismic source device is designed with multi-functionality to perform various wave type excitations. By incorporating an adjustable offset weight mechanism, the device can switch between different excitation modes (P-wave, S-wave, and full-wave field) without requiring physical device replacement, thus improving productivity while maintaining versatility.
2Quantity of substance
If source device replacement is performed to excite different wave signals, then complete wavefield data is acquired, but coupling condition consistency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The device merges multiple excitation functions into one integrated system, ensuring that the same physical device maintains consistent coupling conditions with the ground throughout all wave type measurements. This eliminates the variability introduced by device replacement while still acquiring complete P-wave, S-wave, and full-wave field data.
Solution Approach 2:
The device incorporates dynamic adjustment mechanisms, particularly the adjustable offset weight system, that allows the same device to adapt its excitation characteristics without changing the fundamental coupling condition with the ground. This dynamic adaptability enables complete wavefield data acquisition while maintaining coupling consistency.
3Speed
If air-gun seismic sources are used for land-based exploration, then low frequency penetration ability is improved, but safety risks worsen due to gas storage requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and eliminates the hazardous gas storage component from the seismic source system. Instead of using compressed gas propellants, the device employs a mechanical impact mechanism where a weighted bottom plate is dropped to generate seismic waves, thereby maintaining the desired low-frequency penetration capability without the associated safety risks of gas storage and handling.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the pneumatic/gas-based excitation mechanism with a purely mechanical impact system. The gravitational potential energy of the weighted bottom plate is converted to kinetic energy upon impact, generating seismic waves with sufficient low-frequency content for land-based exploration, while eliminating the need for gas storage tanks and related safety hazards.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient acquisition of full-wave field seismic data, improving production efficiency by generating complete wavefield seismic data volumes, facilitating comprehensive interpretation of underground geologic structures and fluid distribution.
Implementation Method 1
introduce a mixture of propane, oxygen, or air into the explosion chamber and ignite the mixture with an electric spark to generate seismic waves directly
Implementation Method 2
igniting a mixture of gases (such as propane and oxygen) within a sealed cylindrical chamber, and driving an active bottom plate of the chamber to impact the ground
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a device for full-wave field seismic source based on a gas explosion technology and a method for acquiring seismic data. The device includes a cylindrical explosion-proof metal outer barrel, and four sides of the explosion-proof metal outer barrel are fixedly connected to four high-strength steel plates. The device also includes a cylindrical explosion-proof metal gas explosion inner barrel and pipelines for injecting high-pressure air and high-pressure gas into the gas explosion inner barrel. A center of the gas explosion inner barrel is installed with an electronic ignition gun, which is connected to a GPS timing module connected to the electronic ignition gun. The device further includes a controller configured to control a seismic source of a gas explosion full-wave field. Longitudinal wave source signals propagating vertically downward and perpendicular to ground, shear wave source signals propagating downward and parallel to a seismic source line direction, and shear wave source signals propagating downward and perpendicular to the seismic source line direction are triggered in sequence at each seismic source point. Longitudinal wave data and two transverse wave data orthogonal to each other and parallel to the ground excited through the each seismic source point are recorded in sequence by three-component geophones deployed on the ground, thereby achieving full-wave field exploration.