Gas Sensor Cell Deterioration Detection via Pulse Impedance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Accurate detection of gas sensor cell deterioration is hindered by disturbances from the gas being measured, such as temperature changes and gas concentration variations, leading to inaccurate impedance measurements.

Innovation Solution

A control apparatus for gas sensors applies a single pulse voltage and measures both first and second output values, calculating their difference to isolate and cancel out the influence of disturbances, thereby accurately detecting cell deterioration.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If impedance measurement is performed to detect cell deterioration, then deterioration detection capability is improved, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to gas disturbance influences

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeterioration detection accuracyVSAvoidgas disturbance influence
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A pulse voltage is applied as an intermediary stimulus to the cell, and the resulting output voltage is measured. By using the pulse voltage as a mediator, the system can distinguish between impedance changes caused by cell deterioration and those caused by gas disturbances, thereby improving measurement accuracy despite the presence of harmful gas disturbance factors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The measurement method changes the electrical parameters by applying a pulse voltage with specific characteristics (amplitude, width) to the cell. This parameter change allows the system to measure impedance in a way that is less sensitive to gas disturbance influences, enabling accurate deterioration detection even when gas conditions vary.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Temperature

If heater current is increased to maintain cell temperature, then temperature control stability is improved, but cell deterioration accelerates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell temperature stabilityVSAvoidcell lifespan
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses impedance measurement as feedback to monitor cell condition and adjusts heater current accordingly. By continuously measuring impedance and comparing it to reference values, the system can detect cell deterioration early and reduce heater current to prevent accelerated aging, thus maintaining temperature stability while extending cell lifespan.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The heater control system dynamically adjusts the heater current based on real-time impedance measurements. Instead of using a fixed high current, the system adapts the heating power according to the cell's actual condition, reducing unnecessary thermal stress on the cell while maintaining adequate temperature for operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method allows for precise detection of cell deterioration, enabling effective temperature control and extending the lifespan of gas sensors by accurately adjusting target impedance without accelerating deterioration.

Implementation Method 1

a cell composed of a solid electrolyte body formed of zirconia or the like and having oxygen-ion conductivity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxygen ion conductivity: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 2

By supplying electric current to the heater to thereby heat the cell, the cell can be stably maintained at a temperature equal to or higher than the activation temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 3

the impedance of the cell changes in accordance with the temperature of the cell, this impedance is periodically detected

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectImpedance measurement: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 4

detects the oxygen concentration of the gas to be measured on the basis of a difference between the oxygen concentration of the gas to be measured and that of the reference gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxygen concentration detection: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP2458374B1Control apparatus for gas sensor
Publication Date: 2019.06.19 NITERRA CO LTD
  • EP2458374B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2458374B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4
  • EP2458374B1 patent drawingFigure 5A

AI summary

A control apparatus (100) for a gas sensor (10) including a cell (2) composed of a solid electrolyte body and a pair of electrodes provided thereon which generates a sensor output corresponding to the concentration of a specific gas includes voltage application means (70) for applying a single pulse voltage to the cell over a constant energization time T; first-output-value obtaining means (70) for obtaining a first output value Vri1 from the cell when a first time t1 shorter than the constant energization time elapses after the start of application of the single pulse voltage; second-output-value obtaining means (70) for obtaining a second output value Vri2 from the cell when a second time t2 shorter than the constant energization time but longer than the first time elapses after the start of application of the single pulse voltage; and deterioration-degree detection means (70) for detecting the degree of deterioration of the cell on the basis of a difference ΔVri between the second output value and the first output value.