Gasification Reactor CO2 Recycling for Carbon Conversion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current biomass and carbonaceous material gasification processes have low carbon conversion rates into CO and result in CO2 emission loss, along with significant water consumption, limiting the efficiency and sustainability of producing fuels like synthetic methane or liquid fuels.
Innovation Solution
A process that recycles CO2 and water vapor within the gasification reactor, eliminating external hydrogen and water supply, and optimizing the CO2/H2O molar ratio to enhance carbon conversion into CO, achieving up to 70% conversion efficiency without external water or hydrogen input.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional gasification processes are used, then syngas is produced, but the carbon conversion rate into CO is low (35-40%) and CO2 is lost to the atmosphere
Solution Approach 1:
The invention implements a feedback loop by recycling CO2 from the gasification process and reinjecting it into the reactor. The CO2 is captured from the syngas stream and fed back to the gasification reactor where it participates in the gasification reactions, thereby increasing carbon conversion efficiency and preventing atmospheric emission.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the harmful CO2 emission into a beneficial reactant. By recycling CO2 back to the gasification reactor, it serves as a gasifying agent that enhances carbon conversion to CO, transforming what was previously a waste product into a valuable resource that improves process efficiency.
2Productivity
If conventional gasification processes are used, then syngas is produced, but significant water is consumed in the process
Solution Approach 1:
The invention implements water vapor recycling by capturing condensed water from the syngas cooling process and reinjecting it as water vapor into the gasification reactor. This feedback mechanism eliminates the need for external water supply and maintains the water balance within the system.
Solution Approach 2:
The gasification process becomes self-sufficient in terms of water supply. The water required for gasification reactions is provided by the process itself through condensation and reinjection of water vapor, eliminating dependence on external water sources and achieving water autonomy.
3Ease of operation
If external hydrogen and water are supplied to maintain optimal H2/CO ratio, then fuel synthesis can proceed, but process complexity and external resource dependency increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system achieves self-regulation of the H2/CO ratio through internal recycling mechanisms. Water vapor from process condensation and CO2 from syngas cleaning are automatically reinjected, allowing the process to maintain optimal composition without external hydrogen supply or complex control systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention extracts and recycles the necessary components (water vapor and CO2) from the process output streams and returns them to the reactor. This eliminates the need for external hydrogen supply and simplifies the system by using internal material circulation instead of external inputs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly increases carbon conversion into CO, reduces water consumption, and achieves complete autonomy in water and CO2 recycling, enhancing the overall yield and sustainability of fuel production.
Implementation Method 1
gasification of a charge of carbonated material with a view to producing a combustible or a motor fuel
Implementation Method 2
introduction of a mixture of hydrogen and CO2 directly into the gasification reactor, in order to implement the reaction known as the reverse reaction of the gas with water (RWGS acronym for 'Reverse Water Gas Synthesis'), which is written H2 + CO2 → CO + H2O
Implementation Method 3
the water vapor (H2O) recovered downstream of the gasification and the carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by the cleaning are mixed upstream of the gasification reactor
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a thermochemical conversion process of a carbonaceous material feed into a synthesis gas for the purpose of producing a fuel or a fuel, in particular a liquid fuel, or another synthetic product, according to which a gasification step of the carbonaceous material feed is carried out in a reactor (1), and a cleaning step is carried out of the synthesis gas produced by the gasification, the water vapor (H2O) recovered downstream of the gasification and the carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by the cleaning being injected into the gasification reactor as the only gasifying agents.