Gasification Apparatus Water-Cooling Wall and Syngas Purification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing pressurized gasification apparatuses for carbonaceous materials face issues with water entrainment during high loading operations, leading to increased liquid water in the syngas, which affects efficiency and reliability.
Innovation Solution
A pressurized gasification apparatus with a cylindrical furnace shell, a gasification chamber with a water-cooling wall, and a syngas cooling and purifying system that includes a gas uniform distribution device, defoaming device, and dewatering and deashing device, along with a flame observing system and temperature monitoring system, to manage pressure, temperature, and moisture levels effectively.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If water cooling is used in the gasification chamber, then cooling efficiency is improved, but water entrainment in syngas increases during high loading operation
Solution Approach 1:
The gasification chamber is divided into multiple cooling zones with independent water cooling systems. Each zone can be controlled separately to optimize cooling efficiency while preventing excessive water entrainment in the syngas stream, resolving the contradiction between effective cooling and water carryover.
Solution Approach 2:
A water seal chamber is introduced as an intermediary component between the gasification chamber and syngas outlet. This water seal acts as a mediator that captures and removes entrained water droplets from the syngas while allowing the gas to pass through, thus reducing water entrainment without compromising cooling efficiency.
2Productivity
If high loading operation is performed, then productivity is improved, but water entrainment in syngas increases
Solution Approach 1:
The water seal level in the syngas cooling chamber is made adjustable and dynamic. During high loading operations, the water seal level can be increased to provide greater water entrainment removal capacity, while during normal operations it can be reduced to minimize pressure drop. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to maintain high productivity without excessive water entrainment.
Solution Approach 2:
The system utilizes parameter changes in the water seal chamber, specifically varying the water level height and flow rate based on loading conditions. By changing these parameters dynamically, the system can handle high loading operations with improved productivity while maintaining control over water entrainment levels in the syngas output.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus achieves a high carbon conversion rate (>99%) while significantly reducing water and ash entrainment in the syngas, ensuring safe, reliable, and efficient operation even at high loading conditions.
Implementation Method 1
the gasification chamber has a water-cooling wall structure
Implementation Method 2
a layer of fire-resistant material is evenly coated on the inner side of the water-cooling wall
Implementation Method 3
a purifying system including a syngas-cooling device is provided in the syngas-cooling chamber
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3~4
AI summary
A gasification apparatus for solid fuel, especially an apparatus for producing syngas by pressurized gasification of coal powder, including a gasification chamber (II) and a syngas cooling chamber (III). The inner wall of the gasification chamber is a water-cooling wall (4). The inner side of the water-cooled wall is evenly coated with a layer of fire-resistant material (16). There is an annular cavity between the water-cooling wall of the gasification chamber and the furnace body. A syngas cooling device, a vertical pipe (22), a gas distribution device (24), a defoaming device, and a dewatering and deashing device (21) are provided in the syngas cooling chamber. Said syngas cooling device is connected with a cone-shaped disk at the bottom of the gasification chamber. The vertical pipe (22) is connected with the syngas cooling device. The lower portion of the vertical pipe (22) is connected with the trumpet-shaped gas distribution device (24) via a smooth transition. A baffle device is arranged above the gas distribution device (24), above which a defoaming device is arranged. The apparatus has a simple structure and is easy to operate. A high temperature gasification method for dry powder of carbonaceous material comprises spraying the combustible material and oxygen into the furnace and followed by ignition.