Gasoline Composition for Spark Ignition Engine Emission Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Gasoline and spark ignited internal combustion engines contribute to global warming through hydrocarbon evaporation, incomplete combustion, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide emissions, and nitrous oxides, which are not effectively addressed by existing technologies.

Innovation Solution

A gasoline composition with over 95% hydrocarbon volatiles, a final distillation temperature of 345°F, an octane number range of 70-82, and no oxygenates, allowing for a higher air-to-fuel ratio and faster combustion, reducing emissions and combustion temperatures.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If gasoline is heated to vaporize more fuel, then combustion efficiency improves, but volumetric efficiency is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecombustion efficiencyVSAvoidvolumetric efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the fuel by specifying a precise hydrocarbon blend (C5-C10 alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbons in defined ratios) that enables efficient combustion at high air-to-fuel ratios without requiring thermal heating of the air, thus maintaining volumetric efficiency while improving combustion efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-generated harmful factors

If air-to-fuel ratio is increased to reduce emissions, then pollutant emissions decrease, but reliable ignition becomes difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepollutant emissionsVSAvoidignition reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the fuel composition parameters to include specific hydrocarbon classes (C5-C10 alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbons) that enable reliable ignition at high air-to-fuel ratios, allowing the engine to operate lean (reducing emissions) while maintaining ignition reliability through the optimized fuel chemistry

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Quantity of substance

If heavy hydrocarbon components are increased, then fuel energy density improves, but vaporization completeness deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefuel energy densityVSAvoidvaporization completeness
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent precisely controls the molecular weight distribution by specifying C5-C10 hydrocarbons with defined boiling point ranges (345°F final distillation), ensuring complete vaporization while maintaining adequate energy density through the optimized blend of alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbons in specific proportions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The modified gasoline composition significantly reduces exhaust pollutants and global warming by enabling more efficient combustion, lower engine exhaust temperatures, and reduced catalytic converter activity, while maintaining reliable engine performance.

Implementation Method 1

the fuel will tend to vaporize more readily when mixed with air at ambient conditions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVaporization: Evaporation

Implementation Method 2

Gasoline and spark ignited internal combustion engines in use today cause global warming by contributing to the atmosphere

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCombustion: Combustion

Data Source

PatentUS9540991B1Compositions and methods to reduce global warming caused by gasoline and spark ignited internal combustion engines
Publication Date: 2017.01.10 ESTATE OF WILLIAM L TALBERT

AI summary

Combustion charge compositions comprised of a gasoline-like fuel and air for use in spark ignited internal combustion engines and methods to reduce global warming are described.