Gate Drive Circuit Shaping for Wide Bandgap Switch Miller Plateau Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional gate drive circuits for wide bandgap semiconductor switches fail to control the rate of rise of the gate voltage, leading to power fluctuations and oscillations, and do not effectively operate the switches within the Miller plateau region.

Innovation Solution

A gate drive system comprising a wide bandgap switch and a control switch with common threshold voltage, along with first and second shaping circuits that generate an operation signal with a profile based on electrical characteristics, divided into three phases to activate and sustain the switch within the Miller plateau region.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If conventional gate drive circuits activate the wide bandgap semiconductor switch using a secondary switch, then the switch can be turned on and off, but power fluctuations and oscillations occur due to uncontrolled rate of rise of gate voltage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching speedVSAvoidpower stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the voltage profile parameters by introducing a multi-phase operation signal with controlled rates of rise. The first phase uses a lower rate of rise to avoid power fluctuations, while the second phase increases the rate to ensure full activation, thus resolving the contradiction between switching speed and power stability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The gate drive circuit dynamically adjusts the rate of rise of gate voltage through a two-phase activation process. The circuit transitions from a controlled low-rate phase to a high-rate phase, making the switching process adaptive rather than static, which eliminates oscillations while maintaining quick transitions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Device complexity

If conventional gate drive circuits simply activate the switch without controlling the rate of rise, then the circuit is simple, but voltage spikes and oscillations occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecircuit complexityVSAvoidvoltage spikes
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The gate drive operation is segmented into distinct phases: a first phase with controlled rate of rise to prevent voltage spikes, and a second phase with higher rate of rise for full activation. This segmentation allows the circuit to maintain simplicity while eliminating harmful voltage transients through structured temporal division of the switching process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If the gate drive circuit uses a multi-phase operation signal with controlled rate of rise, then power fluctuations are eliminated, but the circuit complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower stabilityVSAvoidgate drive circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The gate drive circuit uses the intrinsic characteristics of the wide bandgap semiconductor switch (such as its threshold voltage and capacitance) to automatically generate the multi-phase operation signal. The circuit leverages the switch's own electrical properties to create the controlled rate of rise phases without requiring external complex control mechanisms, thus achieving power stability with minimal added complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP3343768B1Systems and methods for a gate drive circuit
Publication Date: 2021.02.24 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP3343768B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3343768B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3343768B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Systems (100) and methods (400) provided herein relate to a gate drive circuit (100) for controlling operation of a wide bandgap semiconductor switch (106). The systems (100) and methods (400) receive a control signal (502) and configuring an operation signal (503) configured to activate a wide bandgap switch (WBG switch) (106). A profile of the operation signal (503) being based on electrical characteristics of first and second shaping circuits (204, 206). The systems (100) and methods (400) further deliver the operation signal (503) to the WBG switch (106).