Gate Driver Circuit for Battery Voltage Regulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion batteries in mobile devices are prone to overcharging and deep discharge issues, which can lead to combustion and reduced battery life, and the existing battery management systems face challenges in efficiently managing voltage to minimize power consumption and prevent damage.
Innovation Solution
A battery management and control (BMC) circuit with a gate driver (GD) circuit that generates a voltage higher than the battery voltage to reduce the resistance and power consumption of transistors, while ensuring the voltage does not exceed the breakdown voltage, using charge pump mechanisms and feedback loops to manage the discharge current and voltage within safe limits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the gate driver circuit generates a voltage higher than the battery voltage to reduce transistor resistance and power consumption, then the power consumption of transistors is reduced, but the voltage may exceed the breakdown voltage and damage the circuit
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the gate driver circuit continuously monitors the battery voltage and dynamically adjusts the gate voltage accordingly. When battery voltage increases, the gate driver reduces the voltage differential to prevent exceeding breakdown voltage. When battery voltage decreases, it increases the differential to maintain low transistor resistance and power consumption. This closed-loop feedback resolves the contradiction by making the gate voltage adaptive rather than fixed.
Solution Approach 2:
The gate driver circuit employs dynamic voltage adjustment rather than a static gate voltage. The circuit dynamically modulates the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET based on real-time battery voltage conditions, allowing the system to optimize transistor resistance and power consumption while preventing circuit damage. This dynamic approach enables the system to adapt to varying battery voltage conditions throughout charge and discharge cycles.
2Quantity of substance
If lithium ion batteries are overcharged to maximize energy storage, then energy density is improved, but the batteries may combust
Solution Approach 1:
The battery management system incorporates a feedback-controlled charge termination mechanism that continuously monitors battery voltage and current. When the battery approaches full charge or detects abnormal conditions, the system automatically adjusts or terminates the charging current to prevent overcharging and combustion. This feedback loop ensures safe operation while maximizing energy storage capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements preliminary protective measures by continuously monitoring battery parameters and taking preventive action before dangerous conditions develop. The gate driver circuit and battery management system detect early signs of overcharging or abnormal temperature rise and preemptively adjust charging parameters or terminate charging to prevent combustion, rather than reacting after the problem occurs.
3Use of energy by moving object
If lithium ion batteries are deeply discharged to maximize energy utilization, then energy efficiency is improved, but the batteries may become dead below a voltage threshold
Solution Approach 1:
The battery management system uses feedback control to continuously monitor battery voltage during discharge and automatically terminates or modulates discharge current when the voltage approaches the minimum threshold. This prevents deep discharge that would permanently damage the battery while maximizing safe energy utilization. The system optimizes the discharge cutoff point to balance energy extraction with battery longevity.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery management circuit provides self-protection by autonomously monitoring its own voltage state and controlling discharge operations to prevent damage. The system independently determines when to terminate discharge based on voltage thresholds, eliminating the need for external monitoring and ensuring the battery maintains its functionality while maximizing energy utilization.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the resistance and power consumption of transistors, enhancing the efficiency of battery discharge and preventing damage to the circuit, thereby extending battery life and ensuring safe operation by managing voltage within safe limits.
Implementation Method 1
using charge pump mechanisms and feedback loops to manage the discharge current and voltage within safe limits
Implementation Method 2
using charge pump mechanisms and feedback loops to manage the discharge current and voltage within safe limits
Data Source
AI summary
In one embodiment of the cold end switch battery management control method, a battery generates an output voltage at a positive terminal thereof. A first control voltage is also generated by an integrated circuit. A gate of a field effect transistor (FET) receives the first control voltage, wherein the FET comprises a drain and a source with the source coupled to a negative terminal of the battery. The FET transmits current towards the battery in response to the gate receiving the first control voltage, wherein the first control voltage is greater than the output voltage, and wherein the first control voltage is less than a breakdown voltage of the integrated circuit.