Gated Over-Voltage Comparator Circuit for Switching Regulator Overshoot Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Switching regulators operating in Burst Mode experience excessive output voltage overshoot due to slow system loop response time, leading to instability and inefficiency in power management, particularly when transitioning between SLEEP and WAKE states.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a gated over-voltage comparator circuit with a one-shot timer that selectively enables or disables the sensing circuitry responsible for burst WAKE regulation, deactivating it only during a limited period after the regulator enters the WAKE state to prevent overshoot.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If the regulator operates in Burst Mode to reduce power consumption, then power efficiency is improved, but output voltage stability deteriorates due to excessive overshoot

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidoutput voltage stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The one-shot timer activates the over-voltage comparator before the WAKE state completes, preparing the protection mechanism in advance to detect and correct voltage overshoot as soon as it occurs during the transition to WAKE state

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The over-voltage comparator continuously monitors the output voltage during the WAKE state and provides feedback to the control circuit, which adjusts the PWM duty cycle or triggers shutdown to correct excessive voltage and maintain stability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Measurement precision

If the over-voltage comparator is continuously active to prevent overshoot, then output voltage control precision is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoutput voltage control precisionVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The over-voltage comparator operates periodically rather than continuously, being activated only during the WAKE state when the regulator is actively supplying power and voltage overshoot is most likely to occur, thereby maintaining precision when needed while minimizing power consumption during SLEEP state

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The one-shot timer pre-activates the over-voltage comparator at the beginning of the WAKE state, ensuring precise monitoring is ready before voltage overshoot can occur, and automatically deactivates it after a predetermined time period to conserve power

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Speed

If the regulator responds quickly to load changes, then response speed is improved, but output voltage overshoot increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse speedVSAvoidoutput voltage precision
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The over-voltage comparator provides real-time feedback on output voltage levels during the WAKE state, allowing the control circuit to detect overshoot conditions and immediately adjust the switching regulator's operation to correct the voltage, thus maintaining precision despite fast response

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system applies preliminary protective action by activating the over-voltage comparator before excessive overshoot can develop, and the comparator's threshold is set to trigger correction before the overshoot becomes problematic, effectively preventing the harmful effect while maintaining fast response

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

Data Source

PatentEP1806830B1Methods and circuits for output over-voltage reduction in switching regulators
Publication Date: 2018.02.21 LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORP
  • EP1806830B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP1806830B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP1806830B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

Switching regulator Burst Mode control circuitry is provided for limiting voltage overshoot at the output of a switching regulator operating in power saving Burst Mode. The Burst Mode control circuitry may include regulator load current sensing circuitry which may be operative to put and maintain the regulator in the SLEEP state when the load current amplitude is below a threshold. The control circuitry may also include gated over-voltage comparator circuitry operative to reduce regulator output overshoot and to eliminate erroneous deactivation of the regulator switch circuitry when the regulator is not operating in Burst Mode. The gated over-voltage circuitry may include a one-shot timer circuit.