Gated Time of Flight Camera Depth Range Extension

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional gated time-of-flight (GT-TOF) range cameras have limited depth range capabilities, as they can only determine distances within a specific range due to the timing of light pulses and gate configurations, leading to features outside this range being undetectable.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a gating configuration with multiple pulse trains and gates, including multi-exposure and single-exposure gates, allows for an extended depth range by adjusting the ON times of the gates relative to the transmitted light pulses, enabling the camera to register light from features at both closer and farther distances.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Length of stationary object

If a conventional single gate configuration is used, then the device structure is simple, but the depth range is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedepth rangeVSAvoidgating configuration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The depth measurement range is segmented into multiple intervals, with each gate (first gate, second gate, third gate) responsible for detecting reflected light from a specific depth interval. The first gate detects light from the first depth interval, the second gate detects light from the second depth interval, and the third gate detects light from the third depth interval, thereby extending the overall measurable depth range through segmentation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extends the measurement capability from a single depth range to multiple depth ranges by introducing temporal dimensionality through multiple gates operating at different time intervals. Each gate is activated at a different time after the light pulse emission, allowing the system to measure distances that would otherwise be超出 the conventional single-gate measurement range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Adaptability or versatility

If multiple gates with different ON times are used, then the depth range is extended, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedepth measurement capabilityVSAvoidgating configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs periodic gating action where multiple gates are activated in a sequential periodic manner after each light pulse emission. The first gate, second gate, and third gate are activated at different periodic time intervals, allowing the system to repeatedly measure distances across extended depth ranges while maintaining a manageable operational complexity through rhythmic, predictable gating sequences.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Quantity of substance

If the gate exposure period is increased, then more light is registered, but the time resolution for distance measurement decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveamount of registered lightVSAvoiddistance measurement precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The measurement process is segmented into multiple discrete gate events, where each gate has a defined exposure period optimized for capturing sufficient light from its specific depth interval. By dividing the overall measurement into segmented gate operations rather than using a single long exposure, the system maintains time resolution while accumulating adequate light signals across multiple measurement opportunities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system maintains continuous measurement capability by sequentially activating multiple gates across different time intervals. Rather than using a single continuous long exposure that would degrade time resolution, the system performs continuous useful action through repeated short-gate measurements, accumulating light data over multiple cycles while preserving the time resolution needed for accurate distance measurement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration effectively increases the maximum depth range by 4/3 compared to conventional GT-TOF cameras, allowing for accurate distance measurement of features within a broader range, from the previously unmeasurable lower bound to the upper bound distance.

Implementation Method 1

an indirect detection of reflected radiation pulses, when measuring a distance by means of the photoeffect

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric effect: Photoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 2

determines distances to features in a scene that it images by illuminating the scene and gating ON for a short exposure period to register amounts of light from the illumination that features in the scene reflect back to the camera

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime of flight: Time of Flight

Data Source

PatentEP3250944B1Gated time of flight camera
Publication Date: 2019.03.06 MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC
  • EP3250944B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3250944B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP3250944B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

A gated time of flight (GT-TOF) range camera (20) that transmits a plurality of light pulses (40) to illuminate features in a scene (20) and gates ON a photosensor (22) in the camera for one multi-exposure gate (G40) having a plurality of exposure periods (G40e) following each of the plurality of light pulses to register amounts of light reflected by features (31, 32) in the scene from the light pulses and uses the registered amounts of light to determine distances to the features.