Autonomous Vehicle Bus Redundancy With Gateway Rerouting
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Solution Overview
Problem
In autonomous vehicle communication networks with two gateways, disconnection of a bus can prevent data transmission from some electronic control units (ECUs) to a high-level ECU and between ECUs, leading to communication failures.
Innovation Solution
A communication redundancy system with multiple gateways connected between terminal end resistors and ECUs, including a disconnection detector and terminal end resistance correction part, ensures data transmission from all ECUs to the high-level ECU and between ECUs even during bus disconnection by compensating for resistance variations and routing signals through both gateways.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If two gateways are employed for redundancy, then communication errors and ECU errors can be solved, but bus disconnection prevents data transmission from some ECUs to high-level ECU and between ECUs
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the communication network into multiple domains with separate gateways (first gateway and second gateway). Each gateway manages a specific domain, allowing data to be transmitted through alternative paths when bus disconnection occurs in one domain, thus preventing complete data loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The high-level ECU acts as an intermediary that receives data from both gateways and can route data between domains. When bus disconnection occurs, the high-level ECU mediates data transmission by receiving data from the functional gateway and forwarding it to the appropriate destination, ensuring continuous data flow despite network segmentation.
2Stability of the object's composition
If terminal end resistors are disposed at both ends of the bus, then signal transmission is stabilized, but bus disconnection causes resistance variation that affects communication
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the terminal end resistance based on the operational state of each gateway. When a gateway detects bus disconnection, it adjusts its terminal end resistance value to compensate for the imbalance caused by disconnection, maintaining signal transmission stability despite the changed network topology.
Solution Approach 2:
The terminal end resistance parameter is changed dynamically according to gateway status. Functional gateways maintain their terminal end resistors at standard values, while gateways detecting disconnection adjust their resistance parameters to compensate for the imbalance, ensuring continuous stable communication.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables continuous data transmission from all ECUs to the high-level ECU and between ECUs, maintaining network stability and redundancy even in case of bus disconnection, thereby preventing communication failures.
Implementation Method 1
a disconnection detector connected to the bus and configured to detect a potential difference between the high line and the low line of the bus
Implementation Method 2
a terminal end resistance correction part connected to the bus and configured to compensate for a resistance value, which is varied due to disconnection of the bus
Data Source
AI summary
A communication redundancy system for an autonomous vehicle includes: a vehicle network domain including a bus configured to transmit a signal, terminal end resistors disposed at both ends of the bus, and a plurality of electronic control units (ECUs) connected to the bus; a plurality of gateways connected to the vehicle network domain; and a high-level ECU connected to the plurality of gateways and configured to control the plurality of ECUs to implement autonomous driving of a vehicle. Each of the plurality of gateways detects disconnection of the bus in the vehicle network domain and, when the disconnection of the bus is detected, the plurality of gateways transmit pieces of data of the plurality of ECUs to the high-level ECU.