In-Vehicle Gateway MAC Replacement for Key Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing key management techniques for in-vehicle networks are burdensome due to the need for individual key management across devices, which is impractical given the processing limitations of in-vehicle systems and the risk of key leakage.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a gateway device that manages domain keys shared among domains, allowing the gateway device to determine if a message requires MAC replacement and perform the necessary replacements, thereby reducing the burden of key management and processing load.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If message authentication using MAC is implemented in each control device, then security against replay attacks and malware is improved, but key management burden and device complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The gateway device serves as an intermediary that centralizes key management functions. Instead of each control device independently managing its own authentication keys, the gateway securely stores and distributes domain keys to authorized devices. This mediator approach reduces the key management burden on individual control devices while maintaining security through centralized control and secure key distribution mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The system segments key management responsibilities by domain rather than by individual device. Each domain is assigned a specific domain key that is managed by the gateway, allowing multiple control devices within the same domain to share the same key without requiring individual key management. This segmentation reduces the overall number of keys that need to be managed while maintaining security boundaries between different domains.
2Reliability
If individual keys are managed in each control device, then message authentication capability is improved, but processing capability requirements and device complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The gateway acts as an intermediary that handles the computationally intensive key management operations. By centralizing key distribution and management functions in the gateway, individual control devices with limited processing capabilities can still participate in secure communication without needing to independently perform complex key management tasks, thus reducing their processing capability requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The system divides the key management workload by organizing devices into domains, where each domain shares a common domain key. This segmentation allows control devices to use pre-distributed domain keys for authentication rather than performing complex individual key operations, significantly reducing the processing capability requirements for each device while maintaining authentication capability.
3Device complexity
If domain keys are shared among control devices, then key management burden is reduced, but key leakage impact may increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the in-vehicle network into multiple isolated domains, each with its own domain key. This segmentation limits the impact of key leakage to a single domain rather than the entire network. Even if a domain key is compromised, the breach is contained within that specific domain and does not affect other domains, thus reducing the overall impact of key leakage while still maintaining reduced key management burden through domain-based organization.
Solution Approach 2:
Each domain is assigned specific security properties and isolation characteristics through local quality principles. By configuring each domain with its own security parameters and access controls, the system ensures that key leakage in one domain does not automatically compromise other domains. This localized security approach allows shared domain keys to be used safely while limiting the propagation of security breaches.
Data Source
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AI summary
A gateway device that relays a message between two or more domains receives a first message including a first message authentication code corresponding to a first domain among the two or more domains and first data from the first domain and transmits a second message including a second message authentication code corresponding to a second domain among the two or more domains and the first data to the second domain.