Joint Multicarrier Pre-Distortion for Repeater Nonlinearities

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Solution Overview

Problem

Satellite communication systems face significant challenges due to nonlinearities in communication channels, particularly in multiple carrier systems where joint amplification leads to spurious inter-modulation products and distortions such as adjacent-channel interference and intersymbol interference, resulting in performance degradation and inefficiencies in power and spectral usage.

Innovation Solution

A method and system utilizing a gateway transmitter that applies pre-distortion to digital signals before frequency division multiplexing, using polynomial functions with coefficients computed via a direct learning approach, to mitigate nonlinearities in communication channels. This involves modulating digital signals on multiple carriers, distorting symbols based on a pre-distortion function, and iteratively updating coefficients based on feedback from receivers to enhance non-linearity compensation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If joint amplification of multiple carriers is used to save payload mass and reduce hardware complexity, then device complexity and payload mass are reduced, but spurious inter-modulation products and distortions occur causing performance degradation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepayload hardware complexityVSAvoidlink performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies digital pre-distortion at the gateway transmitter before signal transmission to anticipate and compensate for the nonlinear distortions that will occur during joint amplification on the satellite. By pre-compensating the signals with inverse distortion characteristics, the system maintains link performance while utilizing joint amplification to reduce payload complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements an iterative feedback mechanism where the gateway transmitter receives feedback signals from the satellite or ground stations about the actual channel conditions and distortion levels. This feedback is used to continuously update and refine the pre-distortion coefficients, ensuring optimal compensation for the nonlinearities in the communication channel

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If amplifier is operated in linear region to avoid nonlinear distortions, then link performance is maintained, but power efficiency is reduced compared to single carrier operations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelink performanceVSAvoidpower efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies digital pre-distortion at the gateway transmitter before signal transmission to anticipate and compensate for the nonlinear distortions that will occur during joint amplification on the satellite. By pre-compensating the signals with inverse distortion characteristics, the system maintains link performance while utilizing joint amplification to reduce payload complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent dynamically adjusts the pre-distortion coefficients based on the operating conditions, amplifier back-off levels, and channel characteristics. By optimizing these parameters, the system can operate the amplifier in a more efficient nonlinear region while maintaining performance through compensation, thereby improving power efficiency compared to conservative linear operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Object-affected harmful factors

If large guard-band between carriers is used to avoid adjacent-channel interference, then spectral efficiency is reduced, but interference from other carriers is minimized

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadjacent-channel interferenceVSAvoidspectral efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies digital pre-distortion at the gateway transmitter before signal transmission to anticipate and compensate for the nonlinear distortions that will occur during joint amplification on the satellite. By pre-compensating the signals with inverse distortion characteristics, the system maintains link performance while utilizing joint amplification to reduce payload complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the harmful inter-modulation products and adjacent-channel interference caused by joint amplification into beneficial information by measuring the actual distortion characteristics and using them to compute accurate pre-distortion coefficients. The previously harmful nonlinear effects become the basis for precise compensation, allowing tight carrier spacing without performance degradation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

4Object-affected harmful factors

If single carrier techniques are used to avoid inter-modulation products, then spectral efficiency is reduced, but nonlinear distortions are avoided

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinter-modulation productsVSAvoidspectral efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies digital pre-distortion at the gateway transmitter before signal transmission to anticipate and compensate for the nonlinear distortions that will occur during joint amplification on the satellite. By pre-compensating the signals with inverse distortion characteristics, the system maintains link performance while utilizing joint amplification to reduce payload complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP3164959B1Methods, devices, and computer programs for compensating nonlinearities of a communication channel
Publication Date: 2018.02.14 SES SA
  • EP3164959B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP3164959B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5
  • EP3164959B1 patent drawingFigure 6~7

AI summary

A method, carried out by a gateway transmitter (400), aims at compensating the nonlinearities of a communication channel (500) comprising a repeater (510). A plurality of digital signals is modulated (s10) on a plurality of carriers, wherein symbols of the constellation diagram used for modulation of each carrier are distorted in accordance with a pre-distortion function. The modulated signals are then frequency division multiplexed (s20), and sent (s30) for transmission, through the communication channel (500), to at least one receiver (600). The pre-distortion function involves a plurality of polynomial functions, each of which taking as input the symbols from all the carriers. The polynomial functions' coefficients, called "pre-distortion coefficients", are computed according to a direct learning approach, performed jointly for the plurality of carriers. The pre-distortion coefficients are iteratively updated based on received signals being fed back from a receiver (600). The invention also relates to transmitters and computer programs.