Gaze Input Interface With Perifoveal Feedback for 3D Selection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Gaze-based input systems in three-dimensional environments suffer from inaccuracies due to the inherent nature of eye movement, leading to unintended inputs and user trepidation due to ambiguous gaze detection.
Innovation Solution
A gaze-based input system that utilizes a foveal region for precise affordances and a perifoveal region for visual feedback, providing confirmation or refutation of intended inputs through indicators that change appearance in response to gaze, reducing unintended interactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If gaze-based input is used for user interaction in three-dimensional environments, then input convenience is improved, but input accuracy deteriorates due to eye movement ambiguity
Solution Approach 1:
The user interface is segmented into distinct foveal and perifoveal regions, with affordances placed in the foveal region for precise gaze targeting and indicators placed in the perifoveal region for visual feedback. This spatial segmentation allows the system to leverage the high acuity of foveal vision for input selection while using peripheral vision for confirmation feedback, thereby maintaining both convenience and accuracy in gaze-based interaction.
2Loss of information
If visual feedback indicators are displayed in the foveal region, then feedback visibility is improved, but the number of available affordances decreases due to space constraints
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from a single-region display to a two-region display architecture, utilizing both the foveal region (for affordances) and the perifoveal region (for indicators). This dimensional expansion in spatial organization allows simultaneous presentation of multiple interactive elements and feedback indicators without crowding the high-acuity foveal area, thereby preserving both feedback visibility and affordance capacity.
3Device complexity
If gaze-based input is implemented without confirmation feedback, then system simplicity is improved, but user confidence deteriorates due to unintended inputs
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements a feedback mechanism where indicators in the perifoveal region provide visual confirmation when an affordance is successfully selected via gaze input. This feedback loop allows users to verify that their intended gaze target was correctly registered, reducing uncertainty and preventing unintended inputs. The feedback is delivered in the perifoveal region to avoid interfering with the affordance display in the foveal region, thus maintaining system simplicity while enhancing user confidence.
Data Source
AI summary
This relates to gaze-based input systems and methods for reducing unintended gaze input(s) in a three-dimensional environment. In some examples, an electronic device presents a three-dimensional environment that includes affordances for triggering events in a foveal region of the user interface, and one or more indicators that provide visual feedback on the execution or progress of the triggered events in a perifoveal region of the user interface. Displaying an indicator in the perifoveal region that provides visual feedback concurrently with the user's gaze upon affordances in the foveal region can provide a confirmation or refutation of the user's intended gaze inputs through a visual detection of changes to the appearance of the indicator (e.g., movement of the indicator, changes to the shape/boundaries/graphics of the indicator, or changes to the color and/or brightness of the indicator).