Gelatin Structure Production via Thermoplastic Support and Phase Transition

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for forming gelatin structures as cell scaffolds face challenges in maintaining shape and reliably integrating gelatin into the body, particularly with the use of dummy members and support materials like polyethylene glycol, where complete removal is difficult and shape maintenance is inconsistent.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the formation of a biocompatible material structure using thermoplastic and water-soluble materials, which are jetted into droplets, coated with gelatin, and then shaped within a container, allowing the gelatin to harden and transfer the structure's shape while delaying the dissolution of the biocompatible material until the gelatin solidifies, ensuring the shape is maintained and integrated.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If gelatin is used as a dummy member in three-dimensional structure formation, then the structure can be formed with biocompatible material, but the shape cannot be maintained under normal temperature conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovebiocompatibilityVSAvoidshape maintenance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the temperature parameter to control gelatin's physical state. By maintaining low temperature during 3D printing, gelatin remains solid and maintains shape. After printing, temperature is raised to melt gelatin for removal, leaving hollow structures. This parameter change enables both shape maintenance during fabrication and subsequent removal for creating hollow spaces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes phase transitions of gelatin between solid and liquid states. During printing, gelatin is in solid phase to maintain structural integrity. After printing, heating causes melting (solid to liquid transition) enabling removal. This phase transition mechanism solves the contradiction between needing shape maintenance during printing and shape loss for removal.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

2Ease of operation

If polyethylene glycol is used as support material, then the support function is provided, but complete removal by solvent is difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesupport functionVSAvoidcomplete removal
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the support function from the final product by using a sacrificial material (gelatin) that is completely removed after serving its purpose. The gelatin dummy member provides support during printing but is subsequently melted and removed, leaving no residual support material in the final hollow structure. This extraction principle ensures complete removal unlike polyethylene glycol.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Ease of manufacture

If gelatin is melted and jetted as droplets to form structure, then the structure can be formed, but shape maintenance becomes inconsistent

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructure formationVSAvoidshape consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary cooling action before and during the jetting process. The gelatin material is pre-cooled to maintain solid state, and cooling is applied during deposition to ensure each droplet maintains its shape. This preliminary and continuous cooling action prevents premature melting and ensures consistent shape formation throughout the printing process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method effectively forms a gelatin structure with a maintained three-dimensional shape, ensuring reliable integration and stability by delaying the dissolution of the biocompatible material until the gelatin hardens, thus overcoming previous issues with shape retention and integration.

Implementation Method 1

jetting a liquid obtained by melting a biocompatible material that is solid at normal temperature, the biocompatible material being water-soluble and thermoplastic, into a droplet state through a nozzle unit, stacking the biocompatible material on a liquid landing surface, which is a surface of a substrate where liquid droplets land

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change (liquid to solid): Phase Change

Implementation Method 2

a gelatin structure forming step of attaching gelatin to the periphery of the biocompatible material structure having the surface coated with the coating film formed in the coating film forming step, and thereby forming a gelatin structure; wherein the gelatin is attached by pouring a gelatin solution into the container; a shaping step of shaping the gelatin structure formed in the gelatin structure forming step into a predetermined shape; said shaping step comprising the hardening of the gelatin solution into an external shape corresponding to the shape of the container

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHardening (gelation): Gel

Implementation Method 3

a dissolving step of dissolving at least a portion of the biocompatible material structure by utilizing the water on the biocompatible material structure, and transferring a shape of the biocompatible material structure to an interior of the gelatin structure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDissolution: Solvation

Data Source

PatentEP3348384B1Method for producing gelatin structure, and gelatin structure production system
Publication Date: 2023.06.28 FUJIFILM CORP
  • EP3348384B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1D
  • EP3348384B1 patent drawingFigure 1E~1H
  • EP3348384B1 patent drawingFigure 1I~2

AI summary

A method for producing a gelatin structure, the method including forming a three-dimensional structure having a hollow part using gelatin as a material, is provided, and a gelatin structure production system is provided. A biocompatible material structure having a three-dimensional structure is formed by jetting a liquid obtained by melting a biocompatible material that is solid at normal temperature and is water-soluble and thermoplastic, through a nozzle unit (18); and stacking the biocompatible material on a liquid landing surface (12A) of a substrate (12). The surface of the biocompatible material structure is coated with a coating film (24) containing gelatin, gelatin (30) is attached to the periphery of the biocompatible material structure to form a gelatin structure (32), the gelatin structure is shaped, the biocompatible material structure is dissolved, and the shape of the biocompatible material structure is transferred to the interior of the gelatin structure. For the formation of the biocompatible material structure, a first biocompatible material, or a third biocompatible material obtained by mixing a second biocompatible material with the first biocompatible material, is used.