Generative AI Training with Rotating Actor-Judge Alignment

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Solution Overview

Problem

Generative AI models with superior intelligence pose challenges in aligning their actions and outcomes with human values and goals, particularly in scenarios where they surpass human intelligence, leading to potential harm or exploitation, and existing training methods like Generative Adversarial Networks and reinforcement learning from human feedback are inadequate for ensuring superalignment.

Innovation Solution

A method involving iterative training steps where generative AI models alternate between roles as actors and judges, with reinforcement learning-based rewards, to ensure compliance with a constitution of rules, enhancing superalignment by reducing the risk of mode collapse and improving understanding of ethical guidelines.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If Generative Adversarial Networks are used for training, then the model can learn complex patterns and generate diverse content, but the discriminator cannot be trained without ground truth data for alignment tasks

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontent generation capabilityVSAvoidalignment reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of using a traditional discriminator that requires ground truth labels, the patent inverts the approach by using the generator itself to evaluate its own outputs against constitutional principles. The generator model is prompted to assess whether its generated content aligns with ethical guidelines, eliminating the need for external ground truth data while maintaining alignment reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The system enables self-service alignment by having the AI model evaluate its own outputs. The generator model performs self-assessment of its generated content against constitutional rules, allowing the system to train and align without external human annotators or predefined ground truth datasets, thus solving the training data scarcity problem.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Reliability

If reinforcement learning from human feedback is used, then the model can learn ethical guidelines, but it requires extensive human annotation effort and may not scale to superintelligent models

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveethical alignmentVSAvoidannotation effort
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces human annotators with automated self-evaluation. The AI model independently assesses its own outputs against constitutional principles without requiring human feedback, eliminating the need for extensive human annotation effort while maintaining ethical alignment through programmable constitutional rules.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from human-centric feedback parameters to automated constitutional parameters. Instead of relying on human annotators to provide feedback signals, the system uses machine-evaluable constitutional rules that can be automatically applied, enabling scaling to superintelligent models where human annotation becomes impractical.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If AI models surpass human intelligence, then they can perform complex tasks more effectively, but human oversight becomes limited and alignment challenges increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetask performance capabilityVSAvoidalignment detectability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements automated feedback loops where the AI model continuously evaluates its own outputs against constitutional principles. This self-monitoring mechanism provides ongoing alignment detection without requiring human oversight, enabling the system to maintain ethical standards even when AI intelligence exceeds human comprehension levels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces constitutional principles as an intermediary layer between the AI model and human values. These programmable rules serve as a measurable bridge that translates abstract ethical guidelines into detectable evaluation criteria, making alignment measurable even for superintelligent systems beyond human direct oversight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Device complexity

If single-role training is used, then the training process is simpler, but the model may converge to mode collapse where it confuses the judge without actually complying with rules

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetraining process complexityVSAvoidcompliance reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the generator and evaluator roles into a single model. By combining what would traditionally be separate generator and discriminator models into one unified system that both generates content and evaluates it against constitutional principles, the approach prevents mode collapse while simplifying the overall training architecture compared to multi-model adversarial systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP4647967A1Training generative artificial intelligence models
Publication Date: 2025.11.12 VODAFONE GROUP SERVICES LTD
  • EP4647967A1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP4647967A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4647967A1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A computer-implemented method for training generative artificial intelligence, AI, models is provided. The method includes providing, to a plurality of generative AI models, a constitution including a set of rules. The method further includes performing a plurality of iterative training steps for training the plurality of generative AI models. Each iterative training step includes assigning, to each model from among the plurality of generative AI models, a role from among a plurality of roles. The plurality of roles includes an actor and a judge. Each iterative training step further includes prompting the assigned actor model with an input, to generate content that complies with the constitution. Each iterative training step further includes prompting the assigned judge model with the content generated by the assigned actor model, to determine a likelihood of compliance that the content generated by the assigned actor model complies with the constitution. Each iterative training step further includes providing, to at least one model, a reward for training, using reinforcement learning, the at least one model. The reward is based on the likelihood of compliance determined by the assigned judge model. The roles are assigned to each model in the plurality of iterative training steps such that each of the plurality of generative AI models is assigned to each of the plurality of roles in at least one of the plurality of iterative training steps.