Geomagnetic Vector Measurement Using Controlled Magnetic Fields
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current geomagnetic vector measurement devices are not suitable for high-precision field measurements due to their complexity and limited accuracy, making them unsuitable for field geophysical investigations, especially in environments where precise and rapid measurements are required.
Innovation Solution
A high-precision field measurement method using a tripod, a vertical coil, and a total-field magnetometer, which involves measuring geomagnetic fields with additional magnetic fields applied vertically and horizontally to calculate the vertical and horizontal components, inclination, and declination of the geomagnetic field, allowing for simplified setup and improved measurement efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If flux gate three-component magnetometers are used for geomagnetic vector measurement, then the device can measure vector components, but the measurement accuracy deteriorates with errors as large as several tens of nT
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a known magnetic field source (coil system) as an intermediary to generate controlled additional magnetic fields. By measuring the total field with and without the known additional field, the system indirectly determines the unknown geomagnetic vector components with high precision, avoiding direct measurement errors of flux gate magnetometers
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the measurement approach by varying the magnetic field parameters - introducing controlled additional magnetic fields with known strengths and directions. By measuring total field values under different field conditions and using mathematical relationships, the system calculates the original geomagnetic components with superior accuracy
2Measurement precision
If didD vector magnetometer is used with orthogonal coils, then vector measurement capability is improved, but device complexity and preparation time increase due to complicated adjustment requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the orientation adjustment requirement from the measurement system. Instead of requiring the magnetometer and coils to be precisely oriented relative to the geomagnetic field, the method uses a known additional field approach that works regardless of the initial orientation, eliminating the complex adjustment procedure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a simplified measurement model by introducing a known additional magnetic field that copies the measurement process under controlled conditions. By comparing measurements with and without the known field, the system derives the original field components without requiring complex physical alignments
3Stability of the object's composition
If didD vector magnetometer is used for stationary observation, then measurement stability is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to inability to perform rapid field measurements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic measurement cycles - quickly taking measurements with and without the additional magnetic field applied. This periodic approach allows rapid data collection in field conditions while maintaining stability through the consistent measurement protocol and mathematical processing
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes the measurement system dynamic by enabling rapid deployment and measurement in field conditions. The method allows the instrument to be quickly set up and perform measurements without lengthy adjustment periods, transforming a previously stationary-only system into a mobile, rapid-response measurement system
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enables accurate and efficient measurement of geomagnetic vectors in both field and stationary environments, reducing preparation time and energy consumption, and providing superior accuracy compared to existing flux gate three-component magnetometers.
Implementation Method 1
measure two composite magnetic field values T-1 and T-2 when the geomagnetic field is added with a vertical upward magnetic field Tf
Implementation Method 2
use the total-field magnetometer to measure a geomagnetic field T0 without an additional magnetic field imposed
Data Source
AI summary
A tripod, a vertical coil and a total-field magnetometer are utilized to measure a geomagnetic field T0 without an additional magnetic field imposed, as well as two composite magnetic field values T−1 and T−2 when the geomagnetic field is added with a vertical upward magnetic field Tf and a double vertical upward magnetic field 2Tf, respectively. Calculate a vertical component Z, a horizontal component H and a geomagnetic inclination I of the geomagnetic field. Set up a horizontal coil such that a geometric center of the horizontal coil coincides with a geometric center of the vertical coil. Use the total-field magnetometer to measure two composite magnetic field values T+∥ and T−∥ after the geomagnetic field has been added with a horizontal forward magnetic field and a horizontal reverse magnetic field, respectively. Calculate a geomagnetic declination D.