Geometric Embedding for Knowledge Graph Rule Induction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current knowledge graph technologies face challenges in capturing existential rules effectively, limiting their ability to support comprehensive deductive and inductive reasoning, especially due to the restrictive nature of existing embedding techniques and the symbolic representation of data.

Innovation Solution

A computer-implemented method that derives existential rules from knowledge graph data by representing the graph using geometric embeddings, transforming them into syllogism logic representations, and applying standard transformation rules to generate conclusive rules, utilizing techniques such as Venn diagrams and Carroll's diagrams to enhance reasoning capabilities.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If geometric embeddings are used to represent knowledge graphs, then the ability to capture existential rules is improved, but the complexity of the representation system increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveability to capture existential rulesVSAvoidcomplexity of representation system
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces Venn diagrams and Carroll's diagrams as intermediary representations that bridge geometric embeddings and logical rules. These diagrams serve as mediators that translate continuous geometric data into discrete logical structures, enabling existential rule capture without directly manipulating complex geometric data. The diagrams act as an intermediate layer that simplifies the reasoning process while preserving the semantic relationships embedded in the geometric representations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional symbolic logic manipulation with geometric reasoning operations. Instead of manually constructing logical rules from symbolic representations, the system uses geometric transformations and spatial relationships to automatically derive existential rules. This substitution of mechanical symbolic manipulation with geometric computation simplifies the overall process while improving the ability to capture existential dependencies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Manufacturing precision

If manual rule writing is used for knowledge graphs, then the precision of rules is improved, but the productivity of rule generation deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprecision of rulesVSAvoidproductivity of rule generation
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a self-service mechanism where the system automatically generates logical rules from geometric embeddings without requiring manual intervention. The geometric representations inherently encode the logical relationships, and the system autonomously extracts existential rules by analyzing spatial relationships and transformations. This self-service approach maintains rule precision while dramatically improving productivity by eliminating manual rule writing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary encoding of logical relationships during the knowledge graph construction phase by using geometric embeddings that inherently capture existential dependencies. By pre-encoding the logical structure in the geometric representation, the system eliminates the need for subsequent manual rule writing, as the rules can be directly extracted from the embedded geometric data through automated analysis.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Ease of operation

If symbolic representation of data is used in knowledge graphs, then the interpretability of data is improved, but the ability to perform comprehensive reasoning deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterpretability of dataVSAvoidability to perform comprehensive reasoning
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges symbolic representation with geometric embedding to create a hybrid representation system. The symbolic elements maintain interpretability while the geometric components enable comprehensive reasoning by capturing continuous relationships and existential dependencies. This combination allows the system to preserve the readability and interpretability of symbolic data while gaining the expressive power of geometric representations for more sophisticated reasoning tasks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentUS20220405608A1Geometric representation for rule induction from knowledge graphs
Publication Date: 2022.12.22 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINE CORPORATION
  • US20220405608A1 patent drawing
  • US20220405608A1 patent drawing
  • US20220405608A1 patent drawing

AI summary

In a method for deriving existential rules from knowledge graph data, a processor represents a knowledge graph using a geometric embedding. A processor transforms the geometric embedding to a syllogism logic representation using a geometric relationship. And a processor derives existential rules using standard transformation rules present in the syllogism logic representation.