Geopolymer Foam Pore Morphology Control via Pre-foaming

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Solution Overview

Problem

Geopolymer foams in prior art lack controlled pore morphology, which is crucial for functional properties like permeability and acoustic absorption.

Innovation Solution

A process involving the preparation of an aqueous foam with surfactants and a metakaolin suspension, where the water volume fraction is controlled, and the mixture is mixed to produce geopolymer foams with a uniform average pore diameter and adjustable pore openings, allowing for precise control of pore morphology.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If geopolymer foams are produced using conventional methods, then the material can be obtained with basic structural properties, but the pore morphology (size and distribution) cannot be controlled

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepore morphology controlVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies preliminary action by preparing a foam solution with controlled surfactant concentration and air incorporation before mixing with metakaolin. This pre-foaming step establishes the pore structure framework that will be replicated in the final geopolymer foam, enabling controlled pore morphology rather than random pore formation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The invention utilizes parameter changes by systematically varying surfactant concentration, water-to-cement ratio, and air content in the foam solution to achieve desired pore size and distribution. By controlling these parameters during foam preparation and mixing, the patent achieves uniform pore morphology with average diameters between 100-500 μm.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of operation

If the water volume fraction in the aqueous foam is increased, then the foam becomes easier to process, but the density and mechanical properties of the final geopolymer foam deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveprocessabilityVSAvoidmechanical strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The invention optimizes the water volume fraction parameter within a specific range (4-12%) to balance processability and mechanical strength. By controlling water content and using appropriate surfactants, the patent achieves adequate workability during mixing while producing foams with density between 190-250 kg/m³ and sufficient mechanical properties for construction applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The process results in geopolymer foams with a controlled pore morphology, achieving desired properties such as low density, thermal conductivity, and improved acoustic insulation, making them suitable for construction, insulation, and filtration applications.

Implementation Method 1

The aqueous foam contains one or more surfactants and has a water volume fraction of less than or equal to 8%

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface tension reduction by surfactants: Surfactant

Implementation Method 2

by bubbling an inert gas or air in the mix

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas bubble formation: Bubble

Implementation Method 3

Geopolymers are inorganic polymers which can be produced by reaction between aluminosilicates and alkaline silicates in an alkaline medium, a reaction which leads to amorphous or semi-crystalline three-dimensional polymeric structures, made up of Si-O-Al bonds

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGeopolymerization: Chemical Bonding

Implementation Method 4

Geopolymers can be used in the form of foams, whose acoustic and anti-flammable properties are established

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFoam structure preservation: Foam

Data Source

PatentEP3728159B1Geopolymer foam and method of producing same
Publication Date: 2021.09.01 UNIV GUSTAVE EIFFEL
  • EP3728159B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3728159B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3728159B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The invention relates to a method of preparing a geopolymer foam comprising the following steps: (i) preparing an aqueous foam having a volume fraction of water, at atmospheric pressure, of less than or equal to around 8%; (ii) preparing a suspension of metakaolin, of which the weight ratio between the liquid and the metakaolin is within the range extending from around 1.3 to around 2.3; (iii) mixing the aqueous foam and the suspension of metakaolin; and (iv) setting the mixture thus obtained. The invention also relates to the geopolymer foam thus obtained and to the use of this foam as construction or insulation material.