GHbLys Hemoglobin Marker for Postprandial Hyperglycemia Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting postprandial hyperglycemia are burdensome for patients and ineffective due to the inability of existing markers like HbA1c to reflect short-term changes in blood glucose levels, making it difficult to diagnose and prevent this early stage of diabetes.
Innovation Solution
A postprandial hyperglycemia marker based on hemoglobin with a glycated lysine residue (GHbLys) is used, which is measured through a method involving protease treatment, fructosyl amino acid oxidase, and peroxidase to detect the glycation degree of lysine residues in hemoglobin, allowing for indirect detection of postprandial hyperglycemia.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If HbA1c is used as a marker for diabetes diagnosis, then chronic diabetes can be judged, but postprandial hyperglycemia cannot be detected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the hemoglobin glycation process into two distinct stages: formation of unstable HbA1c (which reflects postprandial hyperglycemia) and conversion to stable HbA1c (which reflects chronic diabetes). By measuring both stages separately, the patent resolves the contradiction between detecting chronic diabetes and postprandial hyperglycemia using the same marker system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces unstable HbA1c as an intermediary marker between blood glucose levels and stable HbA1c. This intermediary reflects short-term postprandial glucose changes before converting to the stable form, thereby enabling detection of postprandial hyperglycemia while maintaining the ability to diagnose chronic diabetes through stable HbA1c measurement.
2Measurement precision
If direct measurement of blood glucose is performed to detect postprandial hyperglycemia, then detection accuracy is improved, but patient burden and time requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary action by measuring unstable HbA1c levels in the blood, which reflects postprandial hyperglycemia that occurred previously. This eliminates the need for patients to undergo complex sugar tolerance tests with multiple blood draws at specific times, thereby reducing patient burden while maintaining detection accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a copy of the blood glucose level information stored in the form of glycation products (unstable HbA1c and stable HbA1c) within red blood cells. This copied information remains in the blood for extended periods, allowing for convenient timing of measurements without requiring simultaneous measurement with the actual glucose levels, thus reducing patient burden.
3Reliability
If sugar tolerance test is performed to detect postprandial hyperglycemia, then diagnosis capability is improved, but measurement complexity and time requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential information about postprandial hyperglycemia from the complex sugar tolerance test procedure and concentrates it into a single measurement of unstable HbA1c levels. This extraction eliminates the need for multiple blood draws at different time points and complex test protocols, thereby reducing measurement complexity while maintaining diagnostic reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables the sensitive detection of postprandial hyperglycemia and assessment of diabetes risk, providing an effective means for early diagnosis and prevention of diabetes development.
Implementation Method 1
a process of cleaving Hb by protease
Implementation Method 2
a process of treating a glycated part of the lysine residue in Hb with fructosyl amino acid oxidase (FAOD)
Implementation Method 3
a process of determining a glycation degree of the lysine residue in Hb by measuring a redox reaction between the glycated part and FAOD
Data Source
AI summary
A new method of diagnosing postprandial hyperglycemia by indirectly measuring a blood glucose level is provided. Postprandial hyperglycemia is detected by measuring a glycation degree of lysine in hemoglobin, in which a side chain amino group of lysine is glycated (GHbLys %). Measurement of GHbLys % can be performed by cleaving hemoglobin by protease, treating a glycated part of a lysine residue in the obtained cleavage product of hemoglobin with fructosyl amino acid oxidase, and measuring a redox reaction between the glycated part and fructosyl amino acid oxidase.