Glass Ceramic for Bone Repair with Controlled Degradation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current bone defect repair materials, such as metal alloys and polymer materials, face issues like non-degradability, tissue irritation, and inadequate mechanical strength, while bioceramics based on wollastonite and diopside suffer from inadequate mechanical strength and rapid degradation, impacting bone regeneration.
Innovation Solution
A glass ceramic with a major crystallized phase of diopside or wollastonite and minor phases like lithium disilicate, silicon dioxide, and lithium metasilicate, with a specific molar ratio of calcium, lithium, and silicon, and optional magnesium, is developed for bone defect repair, offering both hardness and controlled degradability, minimizing pH impact and promoting hydroxyapatite formation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If metal materials such as titanium alloy and stainless steel are used for bone defect repair, then mechanical strength is improved, but the material is non-degradable and causes tissue irritation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by incorporating specific ratios of calcium oxide (40-60 wt%), silicon dioxide (20-30 wt%), and other oxides to create a glass ceramic material that achieves both mechanical strength and biodegradability, resolving the contradiction between strength and tissue irritation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite glass ceramic material combining multiple oxide components that work synergistically - calcium oxide for strength and biocompatibility, silicon dioxide for structural integrity, and additional oxides for controlled degradation, achieving both mechanical strength and reduced tissue irritation
2Duration of action of moving object
If polymer materials such as polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid are used for bone defect repair, then degradability is improved, but mechanical strength is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent adjusts the compositional parameters by incorporating aluminum oxide (5-15 wt%), zinc oxide (5-15 wt%), and boron oxide (5-15 wt%) to control the degradation rate while maintaining mechanical strength, achieving both improved durability and controlled degradability
3Adaptability or versatility
If bioceramics based on wollastonite are used for bone defect repair, then bone bonding characteristics are improved, but mechanical strength is inadequate and degradation rate is excessively rapid
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite glass ceramic system where calcium oxide (40-60 wt%) provides wollastonite-like bone bonding characteristics, while silicon dioxide (20-30 wt%) and other components provide mechanical strength and control degradation rate, achieving both good bone bonding and adequate mechanical properties
4Strength
If bioceramics based on diopside are used for bone defect repair, then mechanical strength and cell compatibility are improved, but hydroxyapatite formation is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition by incorporating phosphorus pentoxide (1-5 wt%) and controlling the calcium-to-silicon ratio to promote hydroxyapatite formation on the surface, while maintaining the mechanical strength provided by the diopside-based glass ceramic structure
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The glass ceramic provides sufficient support during bone repair with gradual degradation, reduces tissue irritation, and enhances bone cell attachment, achieving effective bone repair with improved mechanical properties and biocompatibility.
Implementation Method 1
the glass ceramic has not only good hardness, but also proper degradability. During bone defect repair, an artificial implant made of the glass ceramic can provide sufficient support while degrading gradually and slowly
Data Source
AI summary
A glass ceramic is provided to address the challenge that bioceramics known to be used for bone defect repair often lack good hardness, proper degradability, low post-implantation stimulation to surrounding tissues and promotion of bone defect repair in combination. The glass ceramic comprises a major crystallized phase, which is either diopside or wollastonite; and a minor crystallized phase, which comprises any one or more selected from the group consisting of diopside, wollastonite, lithium disilicate, silicon dioxide, lithium metasilicate and Li2Ca2Si5O13. In the glass ceramic, the molar ratio of elemental calcium, elemental lithium and elemental silicon is 1:x:2, in which x is from 0.05 to 1. However, when the major crystallized phase is diopside, the minor crystallized phase does not comprise diopside; and when the major crystallized phase is wollastonite, the minor crystallized phase does not comprise wollastonite. The present invention also comprises a method for manufacturing the glass ceramic.