Glass-Ceramic Coil Insulation for High-Temperature Electromagnetic Machines

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional electromagnetic coils with polyamide wire insulation have limited operational temperatures, restricting power density and operating environments due to heat generation and transfer issues, necessitating improved thermal and environmental capabilities in stator assemblies.

Innovation Solution

The method involves pre-coating magnet wire with a high-temperature insulation precursor, winding it with a glass-ceramic slurry, thermally processing to form a wet-wound green coil, applying a second insulation layer, and further thermal processing to produce fully processed electromagnetic coils for high-temperature operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If polyamide wire insulation is used in electromagnetic coils, then ease of manufacture is improved, but operational temperature capability deteriorates (limited to less than 240°C short term and less than 150°C long term)

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of manufactureVSAvoidoperational temperature capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by combining glass-ceramic insulation material with magnet wire to create an electromagnetic coil capable of withstanding high temperatures. The glass-ceramic coating is applied to the magnet wire and then fired to form a composite structure that maintains electrical insulation properties while withstanding temperatures exceeding 240°C, thereby resolving the contradiction between ease of manufacture and operational temperature capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Device complexity

If conventional insulation materials are used, then manufacturing simplicity is improved, but power density deteriorates due to temperature limitations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidpower density
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the insulation material's thermal parameter (temperature resistance) through the use of glass-ceramic coating. This enables the electromagnetic coil to operate at higher temperatures, which in turn allows for higher current densities and improved power density without significantly increasing manufacturing complexity, as the coating process can be integrated into existing manufacturing workflows.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Power

If high current is applied to electromagnetic coils, then power output is improved, but heat generation increases causing insulation failure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower outputVSAvoidheat generation
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies the blessing in disguise principle by converting the harmful effect of heat generation into a beneficial outcome. The glass-ceramic insulation material is specifically designed to withstand high temperatures, allowing the coil to operate at higher temperatures without insulation failure. This enables higher current application and improved power output, as the previously harmful heat is now managed effectively by the temperature-resistant insulation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

4Reliability

If cooling systems are added to manage heat, then operational reliability is improved, but device complexity and weight increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational reliabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies the taking out principle by removing the need for external cooling systems through the use of glass-ceramic insulation material. The high temperature resistance of the insulation allows the electromagnetic coil to dissipate heat more effectively without requiring additional cooling components, thereby maintaining operational reliability while reducing device complexity and weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This process enhances the thermal and environmental capabilities of electromagnetic machines, allowing for higher power density and extended operating temperatures, reducing the need for cooling systems and improving efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

winding, while applying in-situ a glass-ceramic slurry, the pre-coated magnet wire into a predetermined coil shape to produce a wet-wound green coil; thermally processing the wet-wound green coil to produce an intermediately processed coil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVitrification: Vitrification

Implementation Method 2

pre-coating magnet wire with a high-temperature insulation precursor to produce pre-coated magnet wire; applying a second layer of a high-temperature insulation to the intermediately processed coil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal insulation: Thermal Insulation

Implementation Method 3

current flow through the electromagnetic coils causes heat to be generated due, in part, to the resistance of the coils

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP4333275A1High-temperature electromagnetic machine and method of manufacturing the same
Publication Date: 2024.03.06 HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC
  • EP4333275A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4333275A1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4333275A1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A method of making an electromagnetic coil for use in a high-temperature electromagnetic machine includes pre-coating magnet wire with a high-temperature insulation precursor to produce pre-coated magnet wire, winding, while applying in-situ a glass-ceramic slurry, the pre-coated magnet wire into a predetermined coil shape to produce a wet-wound green coil, and thermally processing the wet-wound green coil to produce a processed coil. In some instances, a second layer of a high-temperature insulation may be applied to the processed coil to produce a further insulated processed coil, and then thermally processing the further insulated processed coil to produce a further processed electromagnetic coil.