Combat Sports Glove Sliding Interface Mitigates Rotational Injuries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Combat sports gloves are inadequate in protecting against rotational injuries caused by tangential forces during oblique impacts, leading to angular acceleration of the head and potential brain injuries such as subdural haematomas and diffuse axonal injuries.
Innovation Solution
A combat sports glove design featuring a sliding interface between layers to mitigate rotational forces, achieved through the use of intermediate low-friction layers or modified surfaces that allow relative sliding between the inner, outer, and padding layers, redirecting impact energy and reducing friction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If traditional multi-layer glove structure with padding is used, then impact energy absorption is improved, but rotational force transmission protection is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the dynamics principle by making the interface between glove layers dynamic rather than static. The inner layer and outer layer are designed to slide relative to each other during oblique impacts, allowing the glove structure to adapt its response based on the impact type. This dynamic sliding capability enables the glove to reduce rotational force transmission while maintaining impact energy absorption, directly resolving the technical contradiction between these two protective functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the friction parameter at the interface between glove layers from high friction (static) to low friction (sliding). By modifying the interface characteristics to allow sliding, the glove can redirect oblique impact forces and reduce rotational acceleration of the head. This parameter change enables the glove to simultaneously absorb impact energy and protect against rotational forces, resolving the contradiction between energy absorption and rotational force protection.
2Stability of the object's composition
If high-friction bonding between layers is used, then structural stability is improved, but rotational force mitigation is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the static high-friction bonding into a dynamic sliding interface. During normal wear and axial impacts, the layers remain stable, but during oblique impacts that generate rotational forces, the layers can slide relative to each other. This dynamic behavior allows the glove to maintain structural stability when needed while mitigating rotational forces when necessary, resolving the contradiction between stability and rotational force mitigation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a sliding interface as an intermediary mechanism between the inner and outer layers. This sliding interface acts as a mediator that allows controlled relative movement between layers during oblique impacts, reducing the transmission of rotational forces to the head while maintaining overall glove integrity. The sliding interface serves as the intermediary element that resolves the contradiction between layer stability and rotational force mitigation.
3Force
If rigid layer connection is used, then force distribution is improved, but rotational acceleration reduction is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces rigid layer connections with a dynamic sliding interface that adapts to different impact types. During axial impacts, the layers move together to distribute force evenly, but during oblique impacts, the layers can slide to reduce rotational acceleration. This dynamic connection resolves the contradiction between force distribution and angular acceleration reduction by allowing the glove to optimize its response based on impact characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the glove into distinct layers (inner layer, outer layer, padding layer) with a sliding interface between them. This segmentation allows each layer to move independently during oblique impacts, reducing the transmission of rotational forces to the head while maintaining force distribution during axial impacts. The segmented structure with sliding interface resolves the contradiction between force distribution and angular acceleration reduction.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The glove effectively reduces the transmission of rotational forces, thereby minimizing the risk of rotational injuries like subdural haematomas and diffuse axonal injuries by redirecting and absorbing impact energy.
Implementation Method 1
a sliding interface between the inner layer and the outer layer at which the inner layer and outer layer are configured to slide relative to each other in response to an impact between the glove and an object
Data Source
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AI summary
According to an aspect of the invention there is provided a combat sports glove comprising: an inner layer (1) configured to accommodate a wearer's hand; an outer layer (2) covering at least a part of the inner layer (1); a padding layer (3) between the inner (1) and outer (2) layers, configured to absorb energy of an impact between the glove and an object; and a sliding interface between the inner layer (1) and the outer layer (2) at which the inner layer (1) and the outer layer (2) are configured to slide relative to each other in response to an impact between the glove and an object.