Glucosamine Derivative Nanoparticles for Skin Penetration and Low Cytotoxicity

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Solution Overview

Problem

The bioavailability of glucosamine through oral administration is low due to liver metabolism and blood circulation, and topical application is limited by stratum corneum absorption, leading to potential cytotoxicity at high concentrations.

Innovation Solution

Formation of glucosamine derivative nanoparticles through self-assembly with alcohol, using succinic anhydride-connected peptides, enhances skin permeability and cellular uptake while reducing cytotoxicity by specific interactions with cell receptors and charge attractions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If glucosamine concentration is increased to improve skin absorption, then absorption rate is improved, but cell cytotoxicity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveabsorption rateVSAvoidcell cytotoxicity

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The glucosamine is segmented into nanoparticle form with specific peptide sequences attached, creating discrete delivery units that can penetrate skin barriers while controlling cellular uptake and reducing cytotoxicity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Peptide sequences serve as intermediaries between glucosamine and cell receptors, facilitating specific recognition and uptake while the nanoparticle structure acts as an intermediary carrier that protects against cytotoxicity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If glucosamine is applied topically to improve local effect, then skin permeability is limited by stratum corneum, but systemic side effects are avoided

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvelocal effectivenessVSAvoidskin permeability barrier

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The nanoparticle design incorporates specific peptide sequences tailored for skin cell recognition and uptake, creating local specificity at the application site while maintaining biocompatibility

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The glucosamine nanoparticle forms a composite structure combining glucosamine core with peptide sequences and nanoparticle matrix, enabling simultaneous skin penetration and targeted cellular delivery

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

3Quantity of substance

If oral administration is used to deliver glucosamine, then systemic circulation is achieved, but bioavailability is low due to liver metabolism

Engineering Contradiction:

ImprovebioavailabilityVSAvoidliver metabolism

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts glucosamine from the systemic circulation pathway and delivers it directly to target cells through topical nanoparticle application, bypassing liver metabolism and blood circulation losses

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The glucosamine derivative nanoparticles improve skin permeability and cellular uptake, achieving higher absorption rates without cytotoxic effects, serving as effective carriers for delivering glucosamine or other ingredients to cells and tissues.

Implementation Method 1

The glucosamine derivative nanoparticles have specific interactions with the cell by a peptide thereof and the specific interactions can be recognition of specific receptors on surface of the cell

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPeptide-receptor recognition:

Implementation Method 2

electric charge attractions

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectric charge attraction: Coulomb's Law

Implementation Method 3

changes in hydrophobicity

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectHydrophobicity changes: Hydrophobe

Implementation Method 4

vibrate the mixed solution by an ultrasonic vibrator with a power of 40-50 W for 5-10 minutes to get glucosamine derivative nanoparticles

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectUltrasonic cavitation: Acoustic Cavitation

Implementation Method 5

vibrate the mixed solution by an ultrasonic vibrator

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectUltrasonic vibration: Ultrasonic Vibration

Data Source

PatentUS12540154B2Glucosamine derivative nanoparticle and preparating method and use thereof

Publication Date: 2026.02.03 CPC CORPORATION

AI summary

The present invention discloses a glucosamine derivative nanoparticle and preparation method and use thereof. By self-assembling glucosamine derivatives and ethanol into the form of nanoparticles, the skin penetration rate and cell absorption rate of glucosamine are improved, and at the same time the toxicity to cells and organisms is reduced. The problem of poor absorption of glucosamine is improved by using glucosamine derivative nanoparticles. Furthermore, the glucosamine derivative nanoparticles can be used as a delivery carrier to cover and bring the specified ingredients into the cells or stratum corneum, and to increase the skin penetration rate and cell absorption rate of the specified ingredients.