Blood Glucose Chip Using Sulfonated Aromatics for High Ht Accuracy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Blood glucose level measuring devices face challenges in accurately measuring glucose levels when blood with high hematocrit values is supplied, particularly at high temperatures, due to difficulties in mixing and dissolving blood with reagents in narrow flow paths, leading to air bubble formation and inaccurate readings.
Innovation Solution
A blood glucose level measuring chip with a specific aromatic hydrocarbon having sulfonic acid groups is used, which improves blood spreading and maintains reaction rates with reagents, even at high hematocrit values, by optimizing the A/B ratio of aromatic hydrocarbons to blood volume and incorporating components like disodium 1,3-benzene disulfonate or trisodium naphthalene-1,3,6-trisulfonate, ensuring effective mixing and pH stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the blood flow path is narrowed to reduce blood sample amount, then the blood sample amount is reduced, but air bubble formation occurs and mixing becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the reagent by adding aromatic hydrocarbons with sulfonic acid groups (such as disodium 1,3-benzene disulfonate or trisodium naphthalene-1,3,6-trisulfonate) at specific concentrations (3.7 mmol/L to 184.8 mmol/L). This chemical parameter change improves blood spreading properties and prevents air bubble formation in narrow flow paths, thereby maintaining measurement accuracy while using reduced blood sample amounts.
2Measurement precision
If blood with high hematocrit value is supplied to maintain physiological relevance, then measurement representativity is improved, but reaction rate decreases and air bubbles form
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the reagent composition by incorporating aromatic hydrocarbons with sulfonic acid groups at optimized concentrations. This changes the chemical parameters of the reagent system, enabling it to effectively mix with and react against high hematocrit blood samples while maintaining fast reaction rates and preventing air bubble formation, thus preserving both measurement accuracy and reaction efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The aromatic hydrocarbons with sulfonic acid groups act as intermediary substances that facilitate the interaction between blood components and the glucose oxidase enzyme. These intermediaries improve wetting and spreading properties, ensuring uniform contact between high hematocrit blood and the reagent, thereby maintaining reaction rates and preventing air bubble entrapment.
3Productivity
If reagent concentration is increased to improve reaction rate, then measurement speed is improved, but solubility issues and air bubble formation occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration parameters of aromatic hydrocarbons with sulfonic acid groups (3.7 mmol/L to 184.8 mmol/L) in the reagent formulation. This parameter optimization enhances the solubility and homogeneous distribution of reagent components while maintaining fast reaction rates. The sulfonic acid groups improve aqueous solubility, preventing precipitation and air bubble formation even at high reagent concentrations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables accurate and rapid glucose measurement across a wide range of hematocrit values and temperatures, preventing air bubble formation and ensuring reliable reaction rates between blood and reagents, thus improving measurement precision and reliability.
Implementation Method 1
an aromatic hydrocarbon having at least one sulfonic acid group... improves blood spreading... ensuring effective mixing
Implementation Method 2
the blood glucose level measuring reagent contains an enzyme of which a substrate is glucose... maintain a reaction rate of blood with a reagent
Implementation Method 3
a chromogenic indicator... optically measures a degree of coloring resulting from the reaction of the blood (whole blood) with the reagent
Data Source
AI summary
A blood glucose level measuring chip exhibits excellent blood spreading ability and can maintain a reaction rate of blood with a reagent, even where the blood has a high hematocrit value (Ht). The blood glucose level measuring chip includes a blood glucose level measuring reagent including a supply port through which blood is supplied, a flow path having the supply port formed at one end of the flow path, and a blood glucose level measuring reagent containing an aromatic hydrocarbon having at least one sulfonic acid group disposed on an inner wall defining the flow path, wherein a ratio A/B is 3.7 mmol/L or more to 184.8 mmol/L when A (mmol) represents the total molar amount of aromatic hydrocarbons contained in the blood glucose level measuring reagent, and B (L) represents a volume of a region in which the blood glucose level measuring reagent and the blood are dissolved.