Blood Glucose Control With Dynamic Insulin Sensitivity Adjustment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Automated blood glucose control systems face challenges in accurately determining a patient's insulin sensitivity factor, leading to inadequate insulin dosing due to fixed sensitivity factors that do not account for short-term variations, resulting in risks of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.
Innovation Solution
An automated system that calculates a patient-specific insulin sensitivity factor using a mathematical model based on real-time blood glucose values, incorporating a history of glucose and insulin data to predict future trends and adjust insulin delivery accordingly, with automatic calibration and re-calibration processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a fixed insulin sensitivity factor is used in automated blood glucose control systems, then the system is simple to operate and implement, but the insulin dosing accuracy deteriorates due to short-term variations in patient sensitivity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the dynamics principle by transitioning from a fixed insulin sensitivity factor to a dynamic, time-varying sensitivity factor that adapts to short-term physiological changes. The system continuously updates the sensitivity factor based on recent blood glucose measurements and insulin administration data, allowing the dosing algorithm to respond to changing patient conditions while maintaining automated operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by modifying the insulin sensitivity factor parameter from a constant value to a variable parameter that changes over time. The system calculates updated sensitivity factors based on observed blood glucose responses to previous insulin doses, thereby adapting the dosing parameter to current physiological states without requiring complex manual reconfiguration.
2Measurement precision
If complex methods with long data history are used to determine insulin sensitivity factor, then the dosing accuracy improves, but the device complexity and implementation difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by using a limited, recent data window for sensitivity factor calculation rather than requiring extensive historical data. The system focuses on the most relevant recent measurements and insulin administrations, discarding older data that may no longer reflect current physiological conditions. This approach achieves adequate accuracy with reduced computational burden and simpler implementation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary calculations of the insulin sensitivity factor continuously in the background using recent data, so that when dosing decisions are required, the updated sensitivity factor is already available. This preliminary updating process simplifies the real-time dosing calculation by pre-processing the sensitivity information.
Data Source
AI summary
An automated system for controlling a patient's blood glucose, including a blood glucose sensor and a processing and control unit, wherein the processing and control unit is configured to calculate, from a first mathematical model fCR specific to the patient and taking into account a single blood glucose value Gr measured by the sensor, a factor CR representative of the patient's insulin sensitivity.