Glucose Measurement Electrode System Voltage Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for measuring blood glucose concentration are prone to errors due to interfering substances like hematocrit and ascorbic acid, requiring separate electrodes and calibration, which complicates the measurement process.
Innovation Solution
A method involving an electrode system with a first voltage equal to or higher than the oxidation potential of an electron transfer substance and a second voltage lower than the oxidation potential, applied in the presence of a sample and redox catalyst, to acquire a signal that reduces the influence of interfering substances, allowing for accurate glucose measurement without additional calibration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a voltage equal to or higher than the oxidation potential is applied to measure glucose, then the measurement sensitivity is improved, but interfering substances like ascorbic acid also react causing measurement errors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies periodic voltage pulses with two distinct phases: a first pulse at oxidation potential to generate redox catalyst, and a second pulse at lower potential to measure glucose without ascorbic acid interference. This temporal separation allows selective measurement while eliminating interfering substance effects.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the voltage parameter dynamically between two states: first applying voltage equal to or higher than oxidation potential (E≤V1) to activate the redox catalyst, then switching to a second voltage lower than oxidation potential (V2<E) for measurement. This parameter switching enables selective detection of glucose while preventing ascorbic acid interference.
2Measurement precision
If separate electrodes are used to measure interfering substances, then the measurement accuracy is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple measurement functions into a single electrode system. By using voltage switching to selectively activate different measurement modes (glucose measurement at V2<E, interfering substance measurement at E≤V1), the patent eliminates the need for separate electrodes while maintaining measurement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The single electrode system performs multiple functions: it can measure glucose concentration at the second voltage (V2<E), measure interfering substances like ascorbic acid at the first voltage (E≤V1), and automatically correct measurements using the ratio of these signals. This multi-functionality replaces what previously required multiple specialized electrodes.
3Ease of operation
If traditional electrochemical measurement is used, then the measurement process is simple, but measurement time is extended due to calibration requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs automatic self-calibration by measuring both glucose and interfering substances through voltage switching, then automatically calculating the correction factor from the signal ratio. This eliminates manual calibration steps while maintaining operational simplicity for the user.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback from the first measurement signal (obtained at E≤V1) to correct the second measurement signal (obtained at V2<E). The correction based on the ratio of these signals automatically compensates for interfering substances, eliminating the need for external calibration procedures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables precise measurement of glucose with reduced interference from hematocrit and ascorbic acid, simplifying the measurement process and reducing errors, while also shortening measurement time and eliminating the need for additional electrodes.
Implementation Method 1
applying a first voltage (V1) to an electrode system in the presence of a sample, a redox catalyst for a target component, and an electron transfer substance; applying a second voltage (V2) to the electrode system
Implementation Method 2
a redox catalyst for a target component, and an electron transfer substance; acquiring a signal from the electrode system during the second voltage application step
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides target component measurement methods and target component measurement apparatus for measuring target components including glucose.