Non-Invasive Glucose Measurement Using Temperature-Normalized IR Ratios
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for non-invasive measurement of substances like glucose in the bloodstream do not adequately consider body surface temperature and ambient temperature, which affect the accuracy of measurements in the mid to far infrared spectrum.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that measure infrared radiation in specific wavelength bands, normalize these measurements against blackbody radiation, and incorporate body surface and ambient temperature to calculate a normalized radiation parameter ratio, using an empirically derived lookup table to determine substance concentration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If non-invasive measurement of substance concentration is performed using infrared radiation, then the measurement can be obtained without invasive procedures, but the measurement accuracy is affected by body surface temperature and ambient temperature variations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by measuring body surface temperature and ambient temperature, then using these temperature parameters to normalize the infrared radiation measurements. The system changes the measurement parameters from raw infrared intensity to temperature-normalized ratios, which compensates for temperature-induced variations and maintains measurement accuracy while preserving non-invasive operation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback by continuously monitoring body surface temperature and ambient temperature, then using these measurements to adjust and normalize the substance concentration calculation in real-time. The temperature data feeds back into the measurement algorithm to compensate for environmental and physiological variations, ensuring accurate readings throughout the measurement process
2Measurement precision
If temperature normalization is implemented to improve measurement accuracy, then substance concentration measurement precision is enhanced, but the device complexity increases due to additional temperature sensors and processing requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by using the same infrared sensor to serve multiple functions: it measures both the infrared radiation for substance concentration detection and the body surface temperature for normalization. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate temperature sensors and minimizes device complexity while maintaining measurement precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the complex temperature compensation problem into a simplified parameter transformation by calculating a normalized ratio of infrared measurements at different wavelengths. This parameter change approach converts multiple temperature-dependent measurements into a single temperature-normalized value, reducing computational complexity while improving measurement accuracy
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the accuracy of non-invasive glucose measurement by accounting for temperature variables, providing a reliable and efficient method for determining glucose concentration in the bloodstream.
Implementation Method 1
measuring a first amount of infrared (IR) radiation absorbed or emitted from the body in a first IR wavelength band in which the substance emits and absorbs IR radiation
Implementation Method 2
calculate a first normalized IR radiation measurement which is the first measured amount of IR radiation normalized against a first blackbody radiation in the first IR wavelength band
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
Embodiments of the present system and methods measure a concentration of a substance, such as glucose, in a body. The present embodiments measure a first amount of infrared (IR) radiation absorbed or emitted from the body in a first wavelength band, and a second amount of IR radiation absorbed or emitted from the body in a second wavelength band. The present embodiments also measure a temperature at a surface of the body and an ambient temperature. A normalized ratio parameter is calculated from the four measurements, and the concentration of the substance in the body is calculated by correlating the normalized ratio parameter with the body surface temperature and the ambient temperature using an empirically derived lookup table. Also disclosed are methods for creating the empirically derived lookup table.