Non-invasive Glucose Sensing via Polarization Mueller Matrix Analysis

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current glucose monitoring technologies for diabetes are invasive, causing discomfort and risk of infection, and there is a need for a non-invasive method to measure glycosylated hemoglobin levels, which reflect average blood glucose levels over three months.

Innovation Solution

A system comprising a light source, polarization state changing modules, and a calculation circuit that emits light rays to biological tissues, calculates the Muller matrix, depolarization index, and optical path length to determine the concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin or glucose non-invasively using CCD or CMOS sensors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If invasive needle-based glucose sensors are used, then glucose concentration can be measured, but patient comfort deteriorates and infection risk increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveglucose concentration measurementVSAvoidinfection risk and patient discomfort

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical needle-based sensing system with an optical sensing system that uses light sources, polarization state changing modules, and detectors to measure glucose concentration non-invasively through biological tissue, thereby eliminating infection risk and patient discomfort associated with needle insertion

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces light as an intermediary medium to transmit information about glucose concentration from the biological tissue to the detector without direct contact between the sensor and blood, using optical properties such as absorption and polarization changes to enable non-invasive measurement

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If repeated needle insertions are performed for glucose monitoring, then continuous glucose data can be obtained, but tissue damage increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecontinuous glucose monitoring capabilityVSAvoidfinger tissue damage

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces repeated mechanical needle insertions with non-invasive optical measurements that can be performed continuously or repeatedly without causing tissue damage, maintaining productivity for continuous monitoring while eliminating the harmful cumulative effect on finger tissues

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If non-invasive optical sensing is used, then patient comfort is improved, but measurement precision may deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvepatient comfort and infection riskVSAvoidglucose concentration measurement accuracy

Core Design Contradiction:

Object-affected harmful factorsVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs multiple parameters including wavelength selection, polarization state changes, and optical path length variations to enhance the sensitivity and precision of non-invasive glucose measurement, using mathematical models and calibration procedures to accurately determine glucose concentration from optical measurements

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses polarization state changing modules that can operate in multiple modes (linear polarization, circular polarization, elliptical polarization) and detect multiple optical parameters simultaneously, enabling the system to overcome individual measurement limitations and improve overall precision through multi-parameter analysis

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables non-invasive, accurate measurement of glucose concentration in biological tissues, reducing the risk of infection and discomfort, and can be integrated into wearable devices.

Implementation Method 1

the matter is configured to absorb at least a portion of the light ray

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectAbsorption (EM radiation): Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 2

The light ray is configured to pass through the first polarization state changing module and then directed to the biological tissue to generate at least one response light ray

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPolarization: Polarisation

Data Source

PatentUS11300560B1System and method for sensing concentration of matter

Publication Date: 2022.04.12 NAT CHENG KUNG UNIV

AI summary

A system for sensing concentration is provided. A light source emits at least a light ray which passes through a first polarization state changing module and is directed to a biological tissue to generate a response light ray. The response light ray is received by a sensor after passing through a second polarization state changing module. A calculation circuit calculates a Muller matrix corresponding to the biological tissue according to the response light ray, and calculates a depolarization index of the biological tissue according to the Muller matrix, and calculates an optical path length according to the depolarization index, and calculates the concentration of matter of the biological tissue according to the optical path length.