Mosaic Subspace Models for CGM Glucose Sensitivity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems struggle to accurately model the complex relationship between glucose sensitivity and sensor electrical properties due to variability in sensing environments, physiological dynamics, and sensor manufacturing, leading to inaccuracies and non-compliance with FDA's iCGM criteria.

Innovation Solution

The system partitions the input signal feature space into multiple contiguous subspaces and trains a machine learning model for each subspace, using smart partitioning and smoothing techniques to create a mosaic model that accurately predicts glucose sensitivity, ensuring compliance with iCGM standards.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a single model is used to model the relationship between glucose sensitivity and sensor electrical properties, then the device complexity is low, but the measurement precision is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemodeling accuracyVSAvoidmodel complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the input signal feature space into multiple contiguous subspaces based on sensor electrical properties (such as impedance magnitude and phase). Each subspace is modeled by a separate machine learning model, allowing the system to capture complex, non-linear relationships between sensor electrical properties and glucose sensitivity that a single model cannot accurately represent. This segmentation approach improves measurement precision by treating different operating conditions with specialized models.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Measurement precision

If the input signal feature space is partitioned into multiple subspaces, then the measurement precision improves, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemodeling accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The input signal feature space is partitioned into multiple contiguous subspaces based on sensor electrical properties, with each subspace handled by a dedicated machine learning model. This segmentation allows the system to achieve higher modeling accuracy by capturing complex relationships in different operating regions separately, while the modular structure manages the complexity through organized, independent model units.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Multiple machine learning models trained on different subspaces are merged into a unified mosaic model framework. The system selectively applies appropriate models based on the current sensor operating conditions, combining the strengths of individual models to achieve high overall accuracy. This merging approach manages system complexity by providing a structured framework for coordinating multiple models.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Measurement precision

If conventional partitioning methods are used, then the device complexity is manageable, but the measurement precision decreases due to data loss in each subspace

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemodeling accuracyVSAvoiddata availability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by training each machine learning model on data specific to its corresponding subspace of sensor electrical properties. Each model develops specialized knowledge of the local data characteristics and relationships within its designated region, rather than being trained on all data uniformly. This local specialization improves measurement precision by capturing subspace-specific patterns that would be diluted in a global model.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The system partitions the input feature space along multiple dimensions (e.g., impedance magnitude, impedance phase) to create a multi-dimensional subspace structure. This dimensional approach ensures that data is distributed across subspaces in a way that maintains adequate sample sizes in each region, preventing information loss while still capturing complex relationships. The dimensional partitioning creates a more balanced distribution of data across models.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Data Source

PatentUS12423490B2Model mosaic framework for modeling glucose sensitivity
Publication Date: 2025.09.23 MEDTRONIC MINIMED INC
  • US12423490B2 patent drawing
  • US12423490B2 patent drawing
  • US12423490B2 patent drawing

AI summary

Methods, systems, and devices for modeling a relationship between glucose sensitivity and a sensor electrical property are described herein. More particularly, the methods, systems, and devices describe partitioning an input signal feature space relating glucose sensitivity and a sensor electrical property into subspaces and training a model for each subspace. For example, the subspace models may form a mosaic of models, for which the output is more accurate than a single model.