Noninvasive Glucose Sensor with Pressure-Compensated ATR-NIR
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Solution Overview
Problem
Noninvasive glucose measuring apparatuses using infrared technology face challenges in precisely measuring blood glucose levels due to noise from internal components and external pressure, leading to inaccurate readings.
Innovation Solution
A glucose measuring apparatus incorporating a pressure measurer, a near-infrared (NIR) irradiator, and an analyzer that uses attenuated total reflection (ATR)-NIR, with a flexible optical waveguide to minimize errors from external pressure and internal noise, allowing for precise glucose measurement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a noninvasive glucose measuring apparatus using IR is used, then the user does not experience physical pain, but the measurement precision deteriorates due to noise from internal components and external pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The apparatus is divided into separate functional modules: a pressure measurer to detect external pressure, an NIR irradiator to provide controlled infrared radiation, and an analyzer to process signals. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each component to maintain measurement precision while ensuring user comfort.
Solution Approach 2:
A film is introduced as an intermediary element between the IR source and the user's skin. This film acts as a mediator that controls the interaction between the infrared radiation and the user, reducing direct exposure while still enabling glucose measurement through the film.
2Measurement precision
If IR irradiation is applied to measure blood glucose level, then noninvasive measurement is achieved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to interference from other components affected by IR
Solution Approach 1:
The harmful effects of IR on internal components are extracted and measured separately by the pressure measurer. By detecting pressure changes caused by IR interaction with internal components, the system can compensate for this interference and isolate the glucose-specific signal.
Solution Approach 2:
The pressure measurer provides feedback about the state of internal components during IR irradiation. This feedback information is used by the analyzer to compensate for interference effects and improve the accuracy of glucose measurement by distinguishing between signals from glucose and signals from other components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables accurate and efficient measurement of blood glucose levels by reducing noise from internal components and external pressure, providing reliable noninvasive glucose monitoring.
Implementation Method 1
a near infrared ray (NIR) irradiator that irradiates an NIR to the first optical waveguide if the measured pressure is greater than or equal to a preset value, an NIR receiver that receives an attenuated total reflection NIR (ATR-NIR) from the first optical waveguide
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a glucose measuring apparatus including a pressure measurer having an elastic part or a pressure sensor, that measures a pressure applied to an object, a film that comprises a first optical waveguide configured to be close to the object, a near infrared ray (NIR) irradiator that irradiates an NIR to the first optical waveguide if the measured pressure is greater than or equal to a preset value, an NIR receiver that receives an attenuated total reflection NIR (ATR-NIR) from the first optical waveguide, and an analyzer that measures a blood glucose level based on the ATR-NIR, wherein the film is an independent module that can be combined with and separated from the glucose measuring apparatus.