Glucose Sensor Signal Purification Using Time-Tracking Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current glucose monitoring sensors implanted in living animals face challenges in accurately measuring glucose concentrations due to noise and distortion in raw signals, which affect the accuracy of glucose concentration measurements.
Innovation Solution
The method involves an optical sensor implanted in a living animal and a sensor reader external to the animal, where the sensor emits excitation light to indicator molecules, and the reader tracks cumulative emission time and implant time to adjust and normalize the raw signal, compensating for offset and distortion, and converting it into a glucose concentration measurement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If raw signal is used directly for glucose concentration measurement, then measurement process is simple, but measurement precision deteriorates due to noise and distortion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by tracking cumulative emission time and implant time before signal conversion, and by pre-calculating offset and distortion compensation values. The circuitry performs time-tracking and signal-adjustment operations before the final glucose concentration calculation, ensuring that noise compensation is prepared in advance rather than reacting to signal quality issues after measurement
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary elements including cumulative emission time tracking and implant time tracking as mediators between the raw signal and glucose concentration measurement. These time-based intermediaries enable the system to characterize and compensate for offset and distortion effects without requiring complex real-time signal filtering algorithms
2Measurement precision
If cumulative emission time tracking is implemented to compensate for offset, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by having the sensor system automatically track its own cumulative emission time and implant time without external intervention. The circuitry monitors its operational parameters autonomously and uses this self-collected time data to calculate and apply offset and distortion compensations, eliminating the need for external calibration procedures or complex control systems
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms where the tracked cumulative emission time and implant time continuously inform the signal adjustment process. The circuitry uses feedback from time-tracking to dynamically adjust offset and distortion compensation values, creating a closed-loop system that adapts to aging and operational conditions without increasing overall system complexity
3Measurement precision
If implant time tracking is used to compensate for distortion, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by tracking implant time from the moment of sensor insertion and using this pre-collected temporal data to characterize distortion effects. The system prepares distortion compensation values based on implant duration before final measurements are taken, allowing proactive correction of aging-related signal degradation rather than reactive processing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the accuracy of glucose concentration measurements by effectively removing noise and distortion, leading to more reliable glucose monitoring.
Implementation Method 1
The indicator molecules may be fluorescent indicator molecules, and the fluorescence of the indicator molecules may be modulated, i.e., attenuated or enhanced, by the local presence of glucose.
Implementation Method 2
a photodetector (e.g., a photodiode, phototransistor, photoresistor or other photosensitive element)... which generates a raw electrical signal based on the amount of light received thereby
Implementation Method 3
conveying, using an inductive element of the optical sensor, the raw signal
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, sensors, and systems for determining a concentration of glucose in a medium of a living animal are disclosed. Determining the glucose concentration may involve emitting excitation light from a light source to indicator molecules, generating a raw signal indicative of the amount of light received by a photodetector, purifying and normalizing the raw signal, and converting the normalized signal to a glucose concentration. The purification may involve removing noise (e.g., offset and/or distortion) from the raw signal. The purification and normalization may involve tracking the cumulative emission time that the light source has emitted the excitation light and tracking the implant time that has elapsed since the optical sensor was implanted. The purification and normalization may involve measuring the temperature of the sensor. The purification, normalization, and conversion may involve using parameters determined during manufacturing, in vitro testing, and/or in vivo testing.