Glucose Sensor Calibration Using Weighted Regression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional glucose monitoring methods, particularly for diabetics, involve painful finger pricks and lack continuous data tracking, leading to discomfort and non-compliance, while existing non-invasive systems are not commercially effective or accurate.
Innovation Solution
A method and system for calibrating glucose sensors by generating electrical signals, weighting sample values based on blood glucose reference samples, and estimating relationships using linear regression to provide continuous and accurate glucose level monitoring.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional finger prick methods are used to obtain blood glucose measurements, then discrete blood glucose levels can be determined, but patient discomfort and pain increase leading to non-compliance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical lancet-based finger prick system with an implantable electrochemical sensor that continuously measures glucose levels in interstitial fluid through electrical signals, eliminating the need for repeated needle pricks while maintaining measurement capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses interstitial fluid as an intermediary medium to indirectly measure blood glucose levels, avoiding direct blood sampling through finger pricks. The glucose sensor measures glucose in the interstitial fluid, which correlates with blood glucose levels, thereby eliminating patient discomfort while providing useful measurement data
2Measurement precision
If traditional discrete testing methods are used, then blood glucose levels can be measured at specific points, but continuous data tracking is not provided
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements continuous glucose monitoring through an implantable sensor that continuously measures glucose levels in interstitial fluid, providing uninterrupted data streams rather than discrete periodic measurements. This enables real-time tracking of glucose variations and trends
Solution Approach 2:
The patent measures glucose levels more frequently than traditional methods (continuous rather than discrete), providing excessive data points that capture all variations in glucose levels between traditional testing times, thereby eliminating information loss
3Object-affected harmful factors
If existing non-invasive systems are used, then patient discomfort is reduced, but measurement accuracy and commercial effectiveness are not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the measurement function by using separate electrodes for different purposes (sensing electrode for glucose measurement, reference electrode for potential reference, counter electrode for current flow), allowing each component to be optimized for its specific function while maintaining overall system accuracy and patient comfort
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from direct blood sampling (invasive) to interstitial fluid analysis (less invasive), and further optimizes by using electrochemical parameters (current, potential) to accurately measure glucose levels with minimal patient discomfort while maintaining high accuracy
4Measurement precision
If multiple reference samples are collected for calibration, then measurement accuracy can be improved, but calibration complexity and time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the calibration approach by using statistical parameters (standard deviation, variance) of multiple sensor signals to characterize sensor behavior and establish calibration relationships, transforming a complex manual calibration process into an automated statistical analysis process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms where sensor signals are continuously monitored, compared against reference values, and used to automatically adjust and refine calibration parameters, reducing the need for manual intervention and simplifying the overall calibration process
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables continuous, accurate monitoring of blood glucose levels, reducing patient discomfort and improving treatment compliance by providing reliable, real-time data through calibrated sensor readings.
Implementation Method 1
A variety of implantable electrochemical sensors have been developed for detecting and/or quantifying specific agents or compositions in a patient's blood
Data Source
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Figure 8(A)~8(C)
AI summary
The subject matter disclosed herein relates to systems, methods and/or devices for calibrating sensor data to be used in estimating a blood glucose concentration. A relationship between sensor measurements and reference readings may be used to estimate a relationship between sensor measurements and blood glucose concentration. Such sensor measurements may be weighted according to a decreasing function of uncertainty associated with sensor values.