Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring Spectral Correction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current noninvasive glucose monitoring techniques using near-infrared spectroscopy face challenges due to the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of skin, leading to inaccurate measurements and limited sensitivity, especially in detecting the trace concentration of glucose amidst other tissue constituents.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that employs outlier detection, filtering, spectral correction, and background removal steps to enhance the measurement of glucose concentration by compensating for tissue-related interference and dynamic changes, optimizing the processing of near-infrared tissue measurements to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of glucose monitoring.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If near-infrared spectroscopy is used for noninvasive glucose monitoring, then the convenience and comfort of patients are improved, but the measurement accuracy and sensitivity deteriorate due to tissue heterogeneity and dynamic changes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the complex tissue spectrum into multiple wavelength regions, each targeted at specific constituents (glucose, water, fat, protein). By dividing the spectral analysis into targeted wavelength segments, the method isolates glucose signal from interfering tissue components, thereby improving measurement accuracy while maintaining noninvasive convenience
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the net analyte signal for glucose by removing interference from other tissue constituents. Through spectral processing techniques, the glucose-specific signal is separated and extracted from the composite tissue spectrum, enabling accurate glucose measurement despite the presence of other absorbing substances in the tissue
2Device complexity
If traditional spectroscopic methods are used, then the simplicity of the measurement process is maintained, but the ability to detect trace glucose concentration deteriorates due to interference from other tissue constituents
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from analyzing the tissue spectrum at a single wavelength to analyzing across multiple wavelength dimensions. By examining spectral characteristics across the near-infrared range and identifying specific wavelength regions unique to glucose absorption, the method enhances sensitivity to trace glucose concentration while maintaining computational simplicity through structured spectral analysis
3Object-affected harmful factors
If noninvasive techniques are used for glucose monitoring, then patient comfort is improved, but measurement reliability deteriorates due to the dynamic nature of skin and tissue
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary spectral measurements to establish baseline characteristics of the individual's tissue constituents (water, fat, protein) before conducting glucose measurement. By pre-characterizing the tissue spectrum and removing these known interfering components, the method isolates the glucose signal, thereby improving measurement reliability while maintaining noninvasive patient comfort
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables more precise and reliable noninvasive measurement of glucose levels by effectively addressing the nonlinear effects and variations caused by tissue heterogeneity and dynamics, enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of glucose monitoring.
Implementation Method 1
The light is partially absorbed and scattered, according to its interaction with the constituents of the tissue prior to being reflected back to a detector
Implementation Method 2
The light is partially absorbed and scattered, according to its interaction with the constituents of the tissue prior to being reflected back to a detector
Data Source
AI summary
This invention provides a method and apparatus that corrects for tissue related interference calibration and/or measurement of biological parameters noninvasively. The invention concerns such terms as outlier identification, filtering, spectral correction, and baseline subtraction steps that, when used together, provides for noninvasive measurement of biological parameters, such as glucose concentration.