Glucose Synthetase Stability via Polymer Bead and Ferrocene
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Solution Overview
Problem
Biological enzymes used in glucose monitoring are prone to instability due to environmental factors like temperature and pH, leading to fluctuations and reduced accuracy in long-term continuous blood glucose monitoring.
Innovation Solution
A glucose synthetase with a high polymer structure is formed by attaching glucose to a glass bead through a polymerization reaction promoted by ultraviolet light, and ferrocene is added as an electron acceptor to enhance electron transfer and accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If biological enzymes (glucose oxidase) are used for blood glucose monitoring, then detection precision is high, but stability is low due to sensitivity to temperature and pH changes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental chemical parameter of the sensing material from biological enzyme (protein) to synthetic polymer. This parameter change transforms the material's stability characteristics, allowing it to maintain structural integrity and catalytic activity across wide temperature and pH ranges while preserving glucose detection capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite sensing system by combining synthetic polymer with ferrocene moieties. This composite structure integrates the stability of synthetic materials with the electron-transfer properties of ferrocene, achieving both long-term stability and high detection precision in the glucose monitoring sensor.
2Measurement precision
If biological enzymes are used for continuous monitoring, then initial detection accuracy is good, but accuracy deteriorates over time due to environmental factor accumulation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a disposable sensor design where the synthetic polymer-glucose conjugate is pre-fixed on the electrode. This eliminates the need for enzyme replacement during monitoring, allowing the sensor to maintain accuracy throughout its entire operational life (14+ days) without degradation from environmental factors.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces ferrocene as an intermediary electron-transfer mediator between the glucose oxidase and the electrode. This intermediary component facilitates stable electron transfer over extended periods, preventing the signal decay that would otherwise occur with direct enzyme-electrode contact over time.
3Stability of the object's composition
If polymerization reaction is used to form glucose synthetase, then stability is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary chemical modification of the glass bead surface through hydroxylation and silanization steps before conjugating with glucose. This preliminary preparation creates reactive sites that facilitate subsequent polymerization, simplifying the overall process by pre-organizing the molecular architecture for efficient polymer formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex multi-step enzymatic synthesis with a photochemical polymerization reaction. By using ultraviolet light initiation, the polymerization proceeds rapidly and cleanly, eliminating the need for complex purification steps and multiple reaction stages, thus reducing manufacturing complexity while achieving high stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The high polymer glucose synthetase demonstrates improved stability and sensitivity, maintaining activity across a wider temperature and pH range, thereby enhancing the accuracy and reliability of blood glucose monitoring.
Implementation Method 1
step S1: hydroxylation of a glass bead; in step S1, a sodium hydroxide solution and a glass bead are prepared, the glass bead is placed in the sodium hydroxide solution, the sodium hydroxide solution is heated and boiled for a period of time
Implementation Method 2
step S2: silanization of the glass bead; after 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane (ICPTES) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) are dissolved in anhydrous toluene in a ventilation cabinet to treat an inorganic substrate in a mixture, the glass bead obtained in step S1 is added to the mixture for a reaction
Implementation Method 3
step S4: synthesis of a polymer particle on a surface of the glass bead to form a glucose synthetase; a polymerization reaction promoted by an ultraviolet light
Implementation Method 4
ferrocene is added on the glucose synthetase to serve as an electron acceptor, so as to promote the transfer activity of electrons between an induction electrode and the glucose synthetase
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a preparation method of a synthetase for continuous monitoring of blood glucose. The method includes the preparation steps of step S1: hydroxylation of a glass bead; step S2: silanization of the glass bead; step S3: bonding of the glass bead to glucose; step S4: synthesis of a polymer particle on the surface of the glass bead to form a glucose synthetase; and step S5: separation of the highly specific glucose synthetase. According to the preparation method of a synthetase for continuous monitoring of blood glucose provided by the present invention, the glass bead is bonded to the glucose by activating the surface of the glass bead, and then bonded to a polymer to form the glucose synthetase. The artificial synthetase prepared by the method has low sensitivity to temperature and pH value, and can be directly used in a blood glucose electrochemical sensor.