Glycan Age Prediction via Mass Spectrometry
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods lack accurate and easily measurable biomarkers for determining the age of a subject using biological samples, as aging is a complex process influenced by various factors, and existing biomarkers are not sufficiently reliable or efficient.
Innovation Solution
The use of mass spectrometry to measure the relative abundance of specific glycopeptides, such as IgG1-3510, IgG1-5410, IgM-209-5411, IgM-J-5412, and Haptoglobin (Hp)-241-7602, in biological samples, correlated with age prediction models to estimate chronological age.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If mass spectrometry is used to measure glycopeptide abundance, then measurement precision and reliability of age determination are improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and focuses measurement on specific glycopeptide markers (IgG1-3510, IgG1-5410, IgM-209-5411, IgM-J-5412, Hp-241-7602) rather than measuring all proteins or using complex multi-omics approaches. This targeted extraction of specific biomarkers simplifies the measurement process while maintaining high accuracy for age determination.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the measurement parameters to focus on the relative abundance ratios of specific glycopeptides rather than absolute concentrations or multiple molecular types. By transforming the measurement into a ratio-based approach using mass spectrometry, the method achieves high precision while reducing the complexity compared to comprehensive proteomics or genomics approaches.
2Measurement precision
If multiple glycopeptides are measured simultaneously, then age prediction accuracy is improved, but measurement time and productivity decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the measurement of multiple specific glycopeptides (IgG1-3510, IgG1-5410, IgM-209-5411, IgM-J-5412, Hp-241-7602) into a single mass spectrometry assay. By merging these measurements into one simultaneous analysis rather than separate tests, the method achieves high accuracy while maintaining good throughput efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The mass spectrometry platform is designed to universally detect multiple glycopeptide markers within a single run, making one measurement system serve multiple measurement functions. This multi-functional capability allows simultaneous quantification of different glycopeptides without requiring separate specialized assays for each marker.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for accurate and efficient determination of age by correlating glycopeptide abundance with age, providing a reliable method for age prediction in biological samples, including those from forensic investigations.
Implementation Method 1
measuring a relative abundance of at least one glycopeptide in the biological sample
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein are methods for determining the age of a subject by measuring the relative abundance of glycopeptides (e.g., using mass spectrometry) in a biological sample from the subject. Also provided are methods for comparing the relative abundance of the glycopeptides to age prediction models to determine the age of the subject. The age prediction models provided herein are based on the relative abundance of the glycopeptides in control populations.