Glycoprotein Detection Kit Using Optical Condensation Microparticles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for detecting glycoproteins, such as ELISA and SPR, have limitations in sensitivity and require several hours for detection, necessitating a need for technologies that enhance detection sensitivity and reduce detection time, particularly for early diagnosis and medical applications.
Innovation Solution
A kit utilizing an optical condensation system with microparticles modified by host molecules and a dilution solution containing a blocking agent and buffering agent, optimized to detect glycoproteins rapidly and with high sensitivity, where the pH is above the isoelectric point of the glycoprotein and salt concentration prevents microparticle precipitation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If ELISA or SPR methods are used to detect glycoproteins, then detection sensitivity can be achieved, but detection time requires several hours
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional mechanical/chemical detection systems (ELISA, SPR) with an optical detection system that uses light-induced forces to assemble microparticles. This substitution enables rapid detection within minutes while maintaining high sensitivity through optical measurement of particle assembly rather than requiring hours of incubation and washing steps.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the detection parameter from traditional absorbance or resonance measurements to optical scattering measurements of assembled microparticle structures. By measuring the optical properties of assembled particles rather than relying on conventional immunoassay parameters, the system achieves both rapid detection and high sensitivity for glycoprotein analysis.
2Productivity
If conventional detection methods are used, then detection can be performed, but detection speed is slow
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary actions by pre-modifying microparticles with host molecules (antibodies) and preparing them in advance. This allows the detection system to be ready for immediate use, eliminating the need for time-consuming in-situ preparation steps and enabling rapid detection when the sample is introduced.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent substitutes conventional time-consuming mechanical detection steps with rapid optical measurement. The light-induced force assembly process occurs quickly, and the optical detection provides immediate results, dramatically increasing detection speed compared to traditional methods that require multiple washing, incubation, and measurement cycles.
3Reliability
If dilution solution with high blocking agent concentration is used, then non-specific adsorption is inhibited, but microparticle precipitation by salting out occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration parameters of the dilution solution, specifically balancing the blocking agent concentration and salt concentration. By carefully controlling these parameters, the system achieves sufficient inhibition of non-specific adsorption while preventing microparticle precipitation, creating an optimal working condition that resolves the contradiction between specificity and stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies blocking agents locally at the microparticle surface through controlled adsorption, rather than using high concentrations throughout the entire solution. This localized approach provides sufficient blocking of non-specific binding sites while maintaining lower overall salt concentrations that prevent microparticle precipitation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid and sensitive detection of glycoproteins by forming aggregates through antigen-antibody reactions, improving detection accuracy and speed using light-induced forces.
Implementation Method 1
a first light source that emits polarized light for assembling the plurality of metallic nanoparticles
Implementation Method 2
each of the host molecules binds specifically to the glycoprotein
Implementation Method 3
the salt concentration in the dilution solution is a concentration at which the microparticles modified by the host molecules cannot be precipitated by salting out
Implementation Method 4
the pH value of the dilution solution is higher than the isoelectric point of the glycoprotein
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a kit for detecting a glycoprotein contained in a sample using an optical condensation system, the kit comprising microparticles modified by host molecules and a dilution solution for diluting the sample, in which each of the host molecules binds specifically to the glycoprotein, the dilution solution comprises a blocking agent and a buffering agent, the pH value of the dilution solution is higher than the isoelectric point of the glycoprotein, the concentration of the blocking agent is lower than a concentration at which the non-specific adsorption between the host molecules is inhibited in an environment where a light-induced force does not act on the host molecules, and the salt concentration in the dilution solution is a concentration at which the microparticles modified by the host molecules cannot be precipitated by salting out.