Integrated Antenna Combination for Mobile GNSS Stations
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing GNSS surveying stations face issues with susceptibility to destruction, handling difficulties on the ground, and poor compatibility due to mutual antenna interference and limited frequency coverage, leading to suboptimal accuracy and range.
Innovation Solution
A compact, integrated antenna combination featuring a planar GNSS antenna surrounded by a broadband radio antenna and a multiband radio antenna, both arranged within a mushroom-shaped housing to minimize interference and provide omnidirectional radiation, covering a wide range of frequency bands for enhanced compatibility and accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a rod antenna is arranged next to the surveyor's staff, then the antenna is protected from environmental influences, but the radiation characteristic is suboptimal due to signal wave obscurations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a linear rod antenna arrangement to a planar antenna combination with multiple antennas arranged in specific geometric patterns (e.g., circular, square, or rectangular arrangements). This dimensional change allows the antennas to be positioned above the GNSS antenna in the horizontal plane, eliminating obscuration issues while maintaining protection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple radio antennas (first and second radio antennas) with different frequency coverage into a single integrated antenna combination. This merging allows omnidirectional radiation characteristic to be achieved while covering a broader frequency range, resolving the contradiction between protection and radiation performance.
2Ease of operation
If the radio antenna is integrated in the surveyor's pole, then handling is simplified, but the potential uses are limited to applications on the surveyor's pole
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs the antenna combination with multiple radio antennas covering different frequency bands (first radio antenna for one frequency range, second radio antenna for another frequency range). This universal design allows the same antenna combination to be used across various applications and mounting positions (surveyor's pole, tripod, total station), enhancing versatility while maintaining ease of operation.
3Adaptability or versatility
If GNSS stations are equipped with specialized antenna geometries for different areas and systems, then compatibility with local systems is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a switchable antenna configuration where the radio frequency unit can dynamically select and switch between the first radio antenna and the second radio antenna based on the required frequency band. This dynamic switching capability allows a single stationary antenna combination to serve multiple frequency ranges and regional requirements, reducing device complexity while maintaining compatibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enhances the robustness and handling of GNSS stations, reduces interference, and ensures compatibility with various systems by covering all customary frequency bands, thereby improving accuracy and usability across different areas and systems.
Implementation Method 1
A GNSS receiver 103 of a reference station 101 receives position signals 104 from satellites via a GNSS antenna 102
Implementation Method 2
The correction data 105 are transmitted by means of a radio device 106 in a certain frequency band via the radio antenna 107
Implementation Method 3
the first radio antenna and the GNSS antenna are arranged concentrically. The first radio antenna is in the form of a broadband antenna and has a first antenna geometry with which electromagnetic waves can be omnidirectionally received and emitted
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a mobile geodetic GNSS measuring station (1) for use in a relative satellite-supported positioning system (Global Navigation Satellite System—GNSS) for performing precise measurement tasks. The GNSS measuring station (1) has a housing (10) in which at least one planar, particularly circular disc-shaped GNSS antenna (20) for receiving circularly polarized GNSS satellite signals, a GNSS satellite receiver disposed below the GNSS antenna and having a signal connection to the GNSS antenna (20) and a first broadband radio antenna (30) for receiving and/or transmitting radio signal waves having GNSS correction information in a first frequency band in the frequency range of 400 MHz to 470 MHz are integrated. According to the invention, the first radio antenna (30) is disposed substantially at the height of the GNSS antenna (20) and at least partially encompasses the GNSS antenna (20) in the circumferential direction. A second radio antenna (40) is further disposed in the housing below the GNSS antenna (20) at a distance therefrom, the second radio antenna (40) being designed as a multiband antenna for omnidirectionally receiving and/or transmitting radio signal waves in frequency bands of 850 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and/or 1900 MHz.