Spoofing Detection for Vehicle GNSS Receivers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing GNSS receivers face challenges in accurately detecting spoofing attacks without relying on external vehicle sensors, which can increase cost and complexity.
Innovation Solution
A method for detecting GNSS spoofing that utilizes an attitude estimate of the vehicle to project velocity estimates into a body frame, deriving a detection parameter, and comparing it with a dynamic detection threshold to identify spoofing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If additional sensors (wheel tick signals, steering wheel angles) are added to detect spoofing, then spoofing detection capability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The GNSS receiver is designed to perform multiple functions: not only position/velocity calculation but also spoofing detection by analyzing the consistency between GNSS-derived velocity and vehicle dynamics (acceleration, heading rate). This eliminates the need for separate dedicated spoofing detection sensors.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses its own GNSS measurements to detect spoofing by checking for inconsistencies in the vehicle's motion dynamics. The GNSS receiver essentially monitors itself by verifying whether the reported velocity changes are physically plausible given the vehicle's acceleration and orientation characteristics.
2Measurement precision
If additional sensors are integrated with the GNSS receiver, then spoofing detection accuracy is improved, but ease of operation and integration requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The spoofing detection functionality is merged into the existing GNSS receiver unit, combining position calculation and spoofing detection in a single device. This reduces integration complexity compared to having separate sensors and processing systems.
3Ease of manufacture
If standalone GNSS receiver is used without external sensors, then ease of installation and independence are improved, but spoofing detection capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The standalone GNSS receiver performs spoofing detection using only its own measurements of position, velocity, and derived dynamics (acceleration, heading rate). It does not require external sensors or systems, yet maintains spoofing detection capability through self-consistency checks of the vehicle's motion dynamics.
Data Source
AI summary
A method and apparatus are provided for spoofing detection in the context of a vehicle-based GNSS receiver. An attitude estimate of the vehicle is obtained. A velocity estimate is calculated based on measurements provided by the GNSS receiver. The method comprises projecting the velocity estimate to a body frame of the vehicle, using the attitude estimate; deriving a detection parameter from the projected velocity estimate; and comparing the detection parameter with a detection threshold, in order to detect spoofing.