GNSS Spoofing Detection via Signal Intensity Ratio Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Spoofing attacks on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) can deceive receivers into generating incorrect navigation solutions by manipulating signal intensities, posing a risk to navigation systems used in various industrial fields.
Innovation Solution
A method is introduced to detect spoofing signals by determining their presence based on signal intensity differences and switching to a normal signal tracking mode, using a detector to identify peak intensities and generate a replacement navigation solution using a replacement navigation system when a spoofing signal is detected, ensuring accurate navigation solutions are derived from genuine signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If the receiver tracks the strongest signal in the GNSS signal, then the signal reception intensity is maximized, but the receiver may track a spoofing signal instead of a normal signal when a spoofing attack occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the principle of detecting signal characteristics (analogous to color changes) by analyzing the ratio of receiving intensities between the strongest signal and the second strongest signal. When this ratio falls within a predetermined range, it indicates a spoofing attack, allowing the receiver to distinguish between normal and spoofing signals based on their intensity profile characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary detection mechanism that analyzes the relationship between signal intensities before tracking. By using the intensity ratio as an intermediate indicator, the system can identify spoofing attempts and switch to tracking the second strongest signal, thus mediating between the desire for strong signal reception and the need for reliable navigation.
2Reliability
If the receiver switches to track the second strongest signal when spoofing is detected, then the navigation solution accuracy is improved, but the signal reception intensity may be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic signal tracking strategy where the receiver adapts its tracking target based on detected conditions. In normal conditions, it tracks the strongest signal for maximum intensity. When spoofing is detected through intensity ratio analysis, it dynamically switches to track the second strongest signal, creating a flexible system that optimizes between intensity and reliability based on real-time conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the tracking parameter from always selecting the strongest signal to selectively choosing between the strongest and second strongest signals based on the intensity ratio parameter. This parameter-based decision-making allows the system to maintain high reception intensity when possible while ensuring navigation accuracy when spoofing is detected.
3Ease of operation
If the receiver uses a predetermined intensity threshold to detect spoofing signals, then the detection simplicity is improved, but the detection precision may be insufficient to distinguish all spoofing scenarios
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from using a single predetermined intensity threshold to using a ratio-based parameter (intensity of strongest signal divided by intensity of second strongest signal). This parameter change provides more nuanced detection capability, as the ratio can distinguish spoofing scenarios where the intensity difference varies, thereby improving detection precision while maintaining operational simplicity through a clear threshold comparison.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) navigation solution generating apparatus and method, the apparatus including a determiner to determine that a spoofing signal exists in a received GNSS signal when a signal having a receiving intensity greater than a predetermined receiving intensity of a normal signal by a predetermined value range is included in the received GNSS signal, a detector to re-detect the normal signal from the GNSS signal when the spoofing signal is determined to exist, and a calculator to generate a GNSS navigation solution by tracking the re-detected normal signal, wherein the predetermined value range is 3 to 5 decibels (dB).