GNSS Spoofing Detection via Orbital Prediction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) spoofing poses a significant threat to avionics safety by causing GNSS receivers to output erroneous position data, potentially leading to catastrophic hazards during flight or landing, as it affects critical aircraft systems and deteriorates required navigation performance.
Innovation Solution
A method and system for detecting satellite signal spoofing by monitoring and comparing current and predicted orbital information values, such as satellite position and Doppler shift, to generate a spoofing alert signal when discrepancies exceed threshold levels, allowing for corrective actions to be taken.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If GNSS receivers use standard 24 channel receiver design, then the device complexity is reduced and ease of operation is improved, but the reliability deteriorates due to susceptibility to spoofing threats
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by continuously monitoring satellite orbital information and calculating predicted values before spoofing can occur. The spoofing detection system pre-computes expected satellite positions, Doppler shifts, and dilution of precision values, then compares these predictions with actual received signals to detect anomalies before they compromise navigation safety.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback by continuously comparing predicted orbital information with actual satellite signal data. When discrepancies exceed threshold levels, the system generates spoofing alert signals that feed back to the navigation system, enabling real-time detection and response to spoofing threats without requiring fundamental changes to the receiver architecture.
2Reliability
If GNSS receivers output position data continuously, then the productivity is improved for navigation systems, but the loss of information increases when spoofing occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses feedback by continuously monitoring satellite signal parameters and comparing them against predicted values. When spoofing is detected through discriminator value analysis, the feedback mechanism triggers alerts that prevent the propagation of erroneous position data to navigation systems, ensuring that position information integrity is maintained even during spoofing events.
Solution Approach 2:
The system applies preliminary anti-action by detecting spoofing threats before they can corrupt navigation position outputs. The continuous comparison of actual versus predicted orbital information enables the system to identify and counteract spoofing attempts proactively, preventing erroneous position data from being generated in the first place.
3Measurement precision
If spoofing detection systems monitor all satellite parameters continuously, then the measurement precision is improved for detecting spoofing, but the use of energy increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies partial action by selectively monitoring and comparing specific satellite orbital parameters (orbital position, Doppler shift, dilution of precision) rather than all possible signal characteristics. This targeted approach maintains sufficient measurement precision for spoofing detection while reducing computational load and energy consumption compared to comprehensive continuous monitoring of all satellite signal parameters.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively detects and mitigates GNSS spoofing threats, ensuring improved safety by alerting vehicle systems and regulatory authorities, allowing for the avoidance of vulnerable locations and maintaining seamless navigation and required navigation performance.
Implementation Method 1
the current one or more orbital information values comprise satellite orbital position, Doppler shift, or dilution of precision
Data Source
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AI summary
A method for detecting spoofing comprises monitoring GNSS satellite signals with a GNSS receiver; obtaining current time, current orbital information values, Doppler shift, and/or dilution of precision from the GNSS receiver, with the current orbital information values comprising orbital position with respect to a current position of the GNSS receiver; retrieving past orbital information values comprising orbital position, and calculating predicted orbital information values based on the past orbital information values, with respect to the current time from the receiver, with the predicted orbital information values comprising orbital position with respect to the current position of the receiver. The method compares the predicted orbital information values, Doppler shift, and/or dilution of precision, with the current orbital information values to obtain discriminator values; determines whether the discriminator values are greater than threshold levels; and outputs a spoofing alert signal when the discriminator values are greater than the threshold levels.