Gold-Cobalt Coating for Low-Friction Corrosion-Resistant Tool Elements

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing machining and support elements for portable tools in agricultural, viticultural, and livestock farming applications face challenges with friction, corrosion, wear, and biocompatibility, particularly in tools like pruning shears and hoof shears, where known coatings do not adequately address these issues.

Innovation Solution

The use of a gold-cobalt alloy coating on at least a portion of the machining or support elements, providing improved tribological properties, reduced friction, enhanced corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, with a composition ranging from 99% gold and 0.15%-1% cobalt, and a thickness of 0.1-20 µm.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional metal coatings are used on machining elements, then corrosion resistance is provided, but friction and wear are not adequately reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecorrosion resistanceVSAvoidfriction and wear
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies a composite coating system consisting of multiple layers: a nickel base layer, an intermediate gold layer, and an outer cobalt layer. This multi-layer composite structure combines the corrosion resistance of nickel with the low friction properties of gold and the wear resistance of cobalt, thereby simultaneously addressing all three issues of corrosion, friction, and wear that cannot be solved by a single material

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent specifies precise parameter ranges for each coating layer to optimize performance: nickel layer thickness of 5-20 μm, gold layer of 0.5-5 μm, and cobalt layer of 0.1-2 μm. These controlled parameter variations allow the coating system to achieve the desired balance between corrosion resistance, friction reduction, and wear protection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Duration of action of stationary object

If machining elements are made highly durable through metal coatings, then service life is extended, but cleaning and maintenance become more difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveservice lifeVSAvoidcleaning ease
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The gold intermediate layer in the coating system provides a distinctive yellow color that serves as a visual indicator for cleaning status. When the coating becomes contaminated with organic matter or sap, the color change is easily detectable, prompting timely cleaning. This visual signaling mechanism makes maintenance easier without compromising the durability provided by the multi-layer coating structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #32Color changes

3Object-generated harmful factors

If precious metal coatings like gold are applied to reduce friction, then tribological properties improve, but manufacturing cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovefrictionVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The gold layer is applied as a thin intermediate coating (0.5-5 μm) specifically at the contact interface between machining elements, where friction reduction is most critical. This localized application of precious material provides maximum tribological benefit while minimizing material cost, as the gold is concentrated only where it is most needed rather than coating entire components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The multi-layer composite structure allows the expensive gold layer to be sandwiched between cheaper nickel and cobalt layers. The nickel base provides corrosion resistance at lower cost, the thin gold intermediate layer provides friction reduction, and the outer cobalt layer provides wear resistance. This composite approach distributes costs across materials with different functions, making the overall system more cost-effective than using pure gold coatings

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The gold-cobalt alloy coating significantly reduces friction, enhances corrosion resistance, facilitates cleaning, and ensures biocompatibility, making the tools more suitable for agricultural and livestock applications.

Implementation Method 1

provides excellent tribological properties, including reduced friction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTribology: Lubrication

Implementation Method 2

good corrosion resistance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCorrosion resistance: Oxidation

Data Source

PatentEP4640383B1Machining or supporting member for a portable tool for agricultural, vitico, treeing or rearing animal breeding applications
Publication Date: 2026.01.28 FELCO SA
  • EP4640383B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3

AI summary

The invention relates to a machining element (4) or support element (2) for a handheld tool for agricultural, viticultural, arboricultural, or livestock farming applications, said element being made at least partially of metal and arranged to be movable for machining, wherein at least a portion of the machining element (4) or support element (2) comprises a gold-cobalt alloy coating. This type of coating provides good tribological properties, including reduced friction and good corrosion resistance. Furthermore, cleaning the machining or support elements for handheld tools according to the invention is facilitated. Finally, the machining or support elements are also biocompatible, making them particularly suitable for livestock applications, for example, for blades for sheep or goat hoof shears. The coating also has good wear resistance.